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One factor that identifies a police shooting as "suicide by cop" is that the suicidal subject must confront law enforcement to the degree that the officer or officers are compelled to react with deadly force to defend themselves or others from serious bodily injury or death.

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Studies have indicated that police officers face serious marital problems, health problems, and problems with alcohol and drugs.

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Suicide is a serious problem in policing.

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The__________ is the protective barrier established by the police by which they protect one another from outsiders, often even refusing to aid police superiors or other law enforcement officials in investigating wrongdoing of other officers.

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blue wall of silence (blue cur...

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Dorothy Bracey found that due to a poor diet and lack of exercise, a significant sample of American police possessed a body composition, blood chemistry, and general level of physical fitness greatly inferior to that of a similarly sized sample of:


A) college students
B) prison convicts
C) military personnel
D) high school seniors

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Which of the following is not one of the three important features of an officer's environment that can account for an officer's working personality, according to researchers Burbeck and Furnham?


A) rotating shifts of duty
B) danger
C) authority
D) isolation from the public

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Which of the following does John Violanti offer as a factor that might explain the high rates of suicide among police officers as a result of stress?


A) access to firearms
B) constantly being exposed to human misery
C) shift work, social strain, and marital difficulties
D) all of these choices

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D

__________ is the body's reaction to internal or external stimuli that upset the body's normal state.

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Researchers estimate that ____________________ percent of all police officers have alcohol problems.


A) less than 5
B) 10 to 15
C) 20 to 30
D) over 50

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The stress produced by the daily need to confront the tragedies of urban life, such as the need to deal with derelicts, criminals, and the mentally disturbed, and the need to engage in dangerous activity to protect a public that appears to be unappreciative of the police, is classified as:


A) external stress
B) organizational stress
C) personal stress
D) operational stress

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D

According to research, what is the leading problem among police officers?


A) marital problems
B) problems with children
C) drug problems
D) financial problems

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The police subculture is characterized by clannishness, secrecy, and isolation from those not in the group.

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Who coined the term the "working personality" of the police?


A) Jerome Skolnick
B) James Fyfe
C) James Q. Wilson
D) Egon Bittner

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A

Police officers and their families tend to avoid socializing with other police officers and their families, choosing to socialize instead with people in other lines of work.

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Some studies have indicated that police officers are ____________________ percent more likely to suffer from alcoholism than the average citizen.


A) 25
B) 55
C) 75
D) 300

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A situation in which police officers only trust other police officers and do not aid in the investigation of wrongdoing by other officers is called the:


A) red curtain
B) blue curtain
C) blue shield
D) red shield

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The Dirty Harry problem refers to:


A) the corruption problem in law enforcement
B) the brutality problem in law enforcement
C) the moral dilemma officers face when they can use evil means to achieve good ends
D) the stress problem in policing

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The best-known study of the police personality, Behind the Shield, was written by:


A) Richard Harris
B) Howard Abadinsky
C) Larry Siegel
D) Arthur Niederhoffer

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A group of people with distinct sets of values, attitudes, behaviors, and beliefs that differentiate them from the larger culture of which they are a part is called a(n) __________

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According to research, what subgroup was more likely to use constructive coping relating to stress?


A) African American males and African American females
B) white females and African American females
C) white males and African American males
D) white males and white females

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