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Export, licensing, and the strategic alliance entry modes are also appropriate when firms want to establish a strong presence in an international market.

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Some of the costs incurred by firms pursuing international diversification may derive from higher coordination expenses, trade barriers, and lack of familiarity with local cultures.

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The three basic benefits of international strategies are 1) increased market size; 2) increased economies of scale and learning; and 3) development of competitive advantages through location.

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What are the incentives for firms to use international strategies? What are the three basic benefits firms can derive by moving into international markets?

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One reason is to extend the life cycle o...

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According to the Chapter 8 Strategic Focus, Starbucks' international strategy for success in China is a cost leadership business-level strategy coupled with a multidomestic corporate-level strategy.

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Embracing the global marketplace is important to Starbucks because it commands less that one percent of the global coffee market suggesting that there is room for growth. (Chapter 8 Opening Case)

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Firms able to standarize the processes used to produce, sell, distribute, and service their products across country borders enhance their ability to


A) learn how to continuously reduce costs while increase the value of their products.
B) increase investment in research and development.
C) access to a low-cost labor force in the host market.
D) mitigate cultural differences.

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If intellectual property rights in an emerging economy are not well-protected, the number of firms in the industry is rapidly growing, and the need for global integration is high, ____ is the preferred entry mode.


A) exporting
B) strategic alliance
C) a joint venture or wholly-owned subsidiary
D) licensing

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Michael Porter's Determinants of National Advantage describe factors associated with the firm's domestic environment that contribute to its dominance in a particular global industry.

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If conflict in a strategic alliance or joint venture is not manageable, a(n) _______may be a better option.


A) licensing strategy
B) exporting strategy
C) acquisition
D) new wholly-owned subsidiary

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A company that chooses a truly global corporate-level strategy assumes that the liability of foreignness will be minimal.

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The greenfield venture option is useful when control of proprietary technology is important in an international expansion.

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U.S. cola companies entered the global market because of


A) limited growth opportunities in their domestic market.
B) lower labor costs in the emerging markets.
C) economies of scale that offset research and development costs.
D) an increase in the return on investment from their U.S. bottling plants.

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The "regionalization" environmental trend means that firms can focus on a region (customization) but also have some standardization or sharing within the region.

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South Korea's success in international markets is primarily a result of its abundant natural resources.

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Four types of distances are associated with the liability of foreignness: cultural, administrative, geographic, and economic.

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Multinational firms have many opportunities to learn from their experiences in international markets, but they must have a strong R&D system to absorb the knowledge.

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Having substantial supplies of critical basic natural resources is a necessary condition for a country to support businesses which can successfully compete in international markets.

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The "liability of foreignness" will have a greater negative impact on a firm using a multidomestic strategy than on a firm using a global strategy.

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In France, fine dressmaking and tailoring have been a tradition predating Queen Marie Antoinette. Cloth manufacturers, design schools, craft apprenticeship programs, modeling agencies, and so forth, all exist to supply the clothing industry. This is an example of the ____ in Porter's model.


A) strategy, structure and rivalry among firms
B) related and supporting industries
C) demand conditions
D) factors of production

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