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Exam 1: Philosophy of Science: An Introduction

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Question 1

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Which statement does not describe a general characteristic of philosophy?

A) Thinking for the sake of thinking.
B) Utilization of process and outcome.
C) Demarcation of wholeness and holism.
D) Application of epistemology and ontology.

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Question 2

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Repetitive patterns of behavior dictated by past experiences is an example of which source of knowledge?

A) Doctrine
B) Common sense
C) Tradition
D) Authority

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C

Question 3

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Roberta firmly believes that individual experiences are the source of all knowledge in the world. As a scientist, she acknowledges her role as a participant in the experiments she performs and does consider herself merely a disconnected observer of phenomenon. Roberta's views are most closely reflective of which school of scientific thought?

What is the ultimate goal of the scientific method?

Which philosophy subscribes to the idea that the universe is a whole made of interrelated parts?

Which is not an example of an applied science as used in health care today?

Francisco is a chemist who rigidly applies the scientific method to all that he does, whether in the lab or out of it, and strongly believes that all relationships are governed by cause and effect. He sees little need for subjectivity in any area of his life, believing instead that the world is an external concept completely independent of individual thoughts or desires. Which philosophical school best describes Francisco's outlook on the world?

Which statement would an adherent of the perceived view most likely make?

Which of the following best describes the aim of natural sciences?

Why are natural sciences also referred to as "pure" sciences?

Gretchen and Peter are graduate students in the same Physics lab. Their supervisor has asked both of them to perform the same experiment using the same procedure and equipment. After they've both completed their task, the compare their results and discover that they are nearly identical. Which of the five criteria for science does Gretchen and Peter's discovery exemplify?