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Which of the following does not represent an exception that the Court has carved out of the arrest warrant requirement of the Fourth Amendment?


A) When the suspect might flee the jurisdiction
B) When police believe that the public safety is endangered
C) Unavailability of a magistrate to sign the warrant
D) To prevent destruction of evidence

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An arrest differs from a detention in which of the following ways?


A) The place where it occurs
B) The length of time that is lasts
C) The documentation that results from the encounter
D) All of the above

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An officer is authorized to use deadly force to stop a fleeing felon when the officer has a reasonable suspicion that the suspect poses a threat of serious physical harm to the officer or others.

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In determining when police can use physical force during an arrest and how much force police can use during an arrest, the Court uses a_____________ test.


A) totality of the circumstances
B) balancing
C) subjective
D) rational basis

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In Atwater v. City of Lago Vista, the Court adopted a bright line rule to determine whether a police officer can, without violating the Fourth Amendment, arrest an individual who committed a very minor offense in the officer's presence.

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A(n) _____________ under the Fourth Amendment occurs when an individual is lawfully taken into custody.


A) detention
B) investigative stop
C) arrest
D) interrogation

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Areas where courts differ in their opinion about the validity of an arrest of a person at his or her home without a warrant include:


A) When a person opens the door to the police officer, is the person inside the home or outside the home, and can the police arrest the person without a warrant?
B) If a person resides in an apartment and is apprehended by the police officers in the hallway outside of his or her apartment, is the person inside the home or outside the home, and can the police arrest the person without a warrant?
C) If a person has rented a hotel room and is staying in the hotel room, is this considered the person's home, and can the police enter it and arrest the person without a warrant?
D) All of the above

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Which of the following statement is incorrect?


A) Probable cause can be established based on direct observation.
B) Probable cause can be established based on hearsay.
C) The Fourth Amendment requires that an arrest be made on probable cause.
D) Probable cause requires that an arrest be made in a reasonable fashion.
E) All of the above are correct.

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A review of the constitutionality of the use of nondeadly force to effectuate an arrest is:


A) Based on the rational basis test
B) Based on whether the officer's actions were subjectively reasonable under the totality of the circumstances
C) Based on whether the officer's actions were objectively reasonable under the totality of the circumstances
D) Based on the two-prong Aguilar-Spinelli test

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Under what circumstances can a police officer use deadly force to stop a fleeing felon?

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