Exam 12: The Special Case of Weapons of Mass Destruction Wmd Terrorism

A) elements on the periodic table, such as plutonium.
B) store-bought cleaners and things you can buy online with a credit card.
C) fungi that occurs naturally in the environment.
D) living organisms or the infectious material derived from them.

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A) a chemical attack that falls into the blister agent category.
B) a chemical attack that falls into the blood agent category.
C) a chemical attack that falls into the choking and incapacitating agent category.
D) a chemical attack that falls into the nerve agent category.

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A) less toxic, faster acting, less specific to certain species, more controllable, and last shorter than their chemical cousins.
B) less toxic, slower acting, less specific to certain species, less controllable, and last shorter than their chemical cousins.
C) more toxic, faster acting, less specific to certain species, more controllable, and longer lasting than their chemical cousins.
D) more toxic, slower acting, more specific to certain species, less controllable, and longer lasting than their chemical cousins.

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A) Antibiotics have wiped out some forms of bacteria and viruses.
B) The bacteria and viruses have come to use antibiotics as a food source.
C) In many cases, it has encouraged these pathogens to mutate into a resistant form.
D) Other illnesses not curable by antibiotics have become more prevalent.

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A) Quarantines do not actually prevent disease from spreading and evacuations bottleneck highways.
B) A lot of the people very susceptible to disease do not have cars.
C) Most Americans are no longer watching TV for news and would probably not get the message in time.
D) The public may not comply with quarantine or evacuation orders and, in fact, the imposition of a quarantine may make matters worse by generating panic where there was none.

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A) how quickly victims will come in contact with and react to the agent.
B) how long the effects of the agent will last over what amount of territory and with what strength.
C) the extent to which those coming in contact with the agent are likely to die.
D) how well the terrorists can control the area over which the agent is spread (and not get caught in it themselves) .

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A) Since the public's fear is often misplaced, the government is forced to educate its citizens on the things that they should actually be afraid of.
B) It can force the government to address gaping security holes and flaws in the system - anything superficial is not enough.
C) That fear can force a government to remind everyone of FDR's famous quote - "the only thing we have to fear is fear itself."
D) It can force the government to take actions that reassure people, even if they do not really reduce the threat but only appear to do so.

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The greatest WMD threat is subjective an...

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A) the process of making the actual agent (bacteria, chemical, fissile material) into a form that can cause the most casualties.
B) how quickly victims will come in contact with and react to the agent.
C) a terrorist group must obtain the agent or agents they are considering using. The difficulty of this task depends on the nature of the agent.
D) a terrorist or terrorist group must develop an accurate and widespread system so that their chosen weapon has the widest impact (translation: casualties) possible.

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A) the extent to which those coming in contact with the agent are likely to die.
B) how quickly victims will come in contact with and react to the agent.
C) how long the effects of the agent will last over what amount of territory and with what strength.
D) whether or not the agent is specific to a particular animal, plant, or human species and the extent, if any, to which the agent can jump between species.

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A) Frequently, epidemics will start with humans, mutate to animals, and then mutate back to humans in a more deadly form.
B) Outbreaks of disease in animals can provide advance warning of an impending human epidemic.
C) Animals are not as hygienic so they are more prone to parasites that may later attack humans.
D) No one is sure of what the results may be since sharing information always seems to be a problem for governmental organizations.

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B

A) It will mutate into something stronger.
B) The virus will go into hibernation.
C) The virus will die out.
D) Viruses remain alive until they can find someone.

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A) whether or not the agent is specific to a particular animal, plant, or human species and the extent, if any, to which the agent can jump between species.
B) how well the terrorists can control the area over which the agent is spread (and not get caught in it themselves) .
C) how long the effects of the agent will last over what amount of territory and with what strength.
D) the extent to which those coming in contact with the agent are likely to die.

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C

A) Risk perception refers to the risks we know about while risk assessment involves making guesses about what may become a risk.
B) Risk perception refers to the worst case scenario possibilities of a risk and risk assessment refers to steps we will take to mitigate risk through assessing it.
C) Risk perception refers to the feelings individuals hold as to their own personal safety while risk assessment involves the use of quantitative analysis of actual risks from disasters or crisis.
D) Risk perception refers to the global perspective of a risk while risk assessment refers to the positive and negative consequences of a risk.

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A) Most groups lack the motivation - the acquisition is always a very hard to overcome obstacle.
B) In reality, most WMD agents are not naturally weaponized and figuring out how to do so is extremely complicated.
C) Affecting a wide variety of people is difficult, especially in a way that the attacker can get away.
D) Having the WMD perfect storm of all three components is difficult.

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A) the process of making the actual agent (bacteria, chemical, fissile material) into a form that can cause the most casualties.
B) a terrorist or terrorist group must develop an accurate and widespread system so that their chosen weapon has the widest impact (translation: casualties) possible.
C) whether or not the agent is specific to a particular animal, plant, or human species and the extent, if any, to which the agent can jump between species.
D) a terrorist group must obtain the agent or agents they are considering using. The difficulty of this task depends on the nature of the agent.

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B