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One important factor in determining whether people have been trafficked, or if they are migrating voluntarily, is whether ______.


A) home countries have shared cultural understandings and child labor laws
B) they agreed to provide labor in exchange for a loan
C) they were involved with smugglers to complete their journey
D) victimization occurred at some point in their migration

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Political or systematic discrimination leading to migration is an example of a ______.


A) push factor
B) pull factor
C) government policy
D) demand for migration

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The impact of immigration on public service provision and the welfare state in industrialized countries is often ______.


A) positive, because most migrants are healthy, working-age people who do not require state-sponsored welfare support
B) negative, because most migrants are more likely to receive social benefits than are native-born households
C) positive, because illegal immigrants do not receive social benefits or state support
D) negative, because some immigrants are able to receive social benefits despite not being in host countries legally

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African doctors' emigration to developed countries often does little in the way of supporting or rewarding universities in their home countries. This outcome is an example of a ______.


A) positive effect on home country economies
B) negative effect on home country economies
C) positive effect on home country human capital
D) negative effect on home country human capital

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Voluntary migration involves movement for economic reasons.

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In the argument over migration policy, some argue that restricting migration restricts the free market, while others argue that with open migration come security risks. This demonstrates the impact of ______ on migration.


A) global trade and markets
B) prejudices against foreigners
C) ideological approaches
D) structural dependency

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Despite international attempts, few countries have signed on to international migration monitoring efforts, and those that have are overwhelmingly 'sending' rather than 'receiving' countries. As such, migration is intertwined with the force of ______.


A) global governance
B) global markets
C) information and communications technology
D) shifting centers of power

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On the one hand, migration from poor to rich countries can have strong, positive effects on the economies of host countries; however, this often results in an increase in urban populations, for better or for worse. As such, migration is intertwined with the force of ______.


A) global governance
B) global markets
C) information and communications technology
D) shifting centers of power

Correct Answer

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Which of the following is most closely associated with asylum seeker?


A) migrants moving to seek better work circumstances because their home country's system is dysfunctional
B) migrants moved against their will, such as IDP or victims of trafficking
C) migrants fleeing persecution or war and seeking protection in another country
D) migrants with special status because their home country endangers their well-being

Correct Answer

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Whether within or between countries, migrants are affecting growth in urban populations worldwide. This speaks to which fact about migration?


A) Migration is mostly an urban affair.
B) Urbanization in developing populations often means growing slums.
C) Development makes migration more likely.
D) Over the long run, migration policies have become less restrictive.

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