Question 1

Use the following information to answer the next few questions.
After a long week,you join a few friends at a local pub to enjoy a meal and have a few beers.After a few hours and several beers,you find yourself to be quite thirsty.
-Which of the following animals generally has the lowest volume of urine production?

Accepted Answer

A)  a vampire bat
B)  a salmon in fresh water
C)  a marine bony fish
D)  a freshwater bony fish
E)  a shark inhabiting freshwater Lake Nicaragua

Question 2

Excessive formation of uric acid crystals in humans leads to

Accepted Answer

A)  a condition called diabetes, where excessive urine formation occurs.
B)  a condition of insatiable thirst and excessive urine formation.
C)  gout, a painful inflammatory disease that primarily affects the joints.
D)  the absence of urea in the urine.
E)  osteoarthritis, an inevitable consequence of aging.

Question 3

Terrestrial organisms lose water through evaporation.In what ecosystem might an entomologist find a good study organism to examine the prevention of water loss?

Accepted Answer

A)  wet rain forest
B)  desert
C)  prairie
D)  chaparral
E)  mountains

Question 4

The body fluids of an osmoconformer would be ________ with its ________ environment.

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperosmotic; freshwater
B)  isotonic; freshwater
C)  hyperosmotic; saltwater
D)  isoosmotic; saltwater
E)  hypoosmotic; saltwater

Question 5

Freshwater flatworms produce urine that is typically

Accepted Answer

A)  of high solute concentration, in order to conserve body fluids.
B)  of very low volume, in order to conserve body fluids.
C)  of high solute concentration and very low volume, in order to conserve body fluids.
D)  of high solute concentration and of high volume, matching their normal fluid uptake.
E)  of low solute concentration and of high volume, matching their normal fluid uptake.

Question 6

Osmoregulatory adjustment via the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system can be triggered by

Accepted Answer

A)  sleeping for one hour.
B)  severe sweating on a hot day.
C)  eating a bag of potato chips.
D)  eating a pizza with olives and pepperoni.
E)  drinking several glasses of water.

Question 7

The osmoregulatory/excretory system of a freshwater flatworm is based on the operation of

Accepted Answer

A)  protonephridia.
B)  metanephridia.
C)  Malpighian tubules.
D)  nephrons.
E)  ananephredia.

Question 8

A necropsy (postmortem analysis) of a marine sea star that died after it was mistakenly placed in fresh water would likely show that it died because

Accepted Answer

A)  it was stressed and needed more time to acclimate to the new conditions.
B)  it was so hyperosmotic to the fresh water that it could not osmoregulate.
C)  the sea star's kidneys could not handle the change in ionic content presented by the fresh water.
D)  its contractile vacuoles ruptured.
E)  its cells dehydrated and lost the ability to metabolize.

Question 9

Materials are returned to the blood from the filtrate by which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  filtration
B)  ultrafiltration
C)  selective reabsorption
D)  secretion
E)  active transport

Question 10

Through studies of insect Malpighian tubules,researchers found that K⁺ accumulated on the inner face of the tubule,against its concentration gradient.What can you infer about the mechanism of transport?

Accepted Answer

A)  Potassium transport is a passive process.
B)  Movement of potassium into the lumen of the Malpighian tubules is an energy-requiring process.
C)  Potassium moves out of the tubules at a faster rate than it moves into the lumen of the tubules.
D)  Sodium ions will follow potassium ions.
E)  Potassium moves into the tubules at a faster rate than it moves out of the lumen of the tubules.

Question 11

The nitrogenous waste that requires the most energy to produce is

Accepted Answer

A)  ammonia.
B)  ammonium.
C)  urea.
D)  uric acid.

Exam 44: Osmoregulation and Excretion

The nitrogenous waste that requires the most energy to produce is

Correct Answer
verified

A necropsy (postmortem analysis) of a marine sea star that died after it was mistakenly placed in fresh water would likely show that it died because

Correct Answer
verified

The osmoregulatory/excretory system of a freshwater flatworm is based on the operation of

Correct Answer
verified

Through studies of insect Malpighian tubules,researchers found that K⁺ accumulated on the inner face of the tubule,against its concentration gradient.What can you infer about the mechanism of transport?

Correct Answer
verified

Terrestrial organisms lose water through evaporation.In what ecosystem might an entomologist find a good study organism to examine the prevention of water loss?

Correct Answer
verified

Freshwater flatworms produce urine that is typically

Correct Answer
verified

Materials are returned to the blood from the filtrate by which of the following processes?

Correct Answer
verified

Excessive formation of uric acid crystals in humans leads to

Correct Answer
verified

The body fluids of an osmoconformer would be with its environment.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Osmoregulatory adjustment via the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system can be triggered by

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 44: Osmoregulation and Excretion

The nitrogenous waste that requires the most energy to produce is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A necropsy (postmortem analysis) of a marine sea star that died after it was mistakenly placed in fresh water would likely show that it died because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The osmoregulatory/excretory system of a freshwater flatworm is based on the operation of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Through studies of insect Malpighian tubules,researchers found that K⁺ accumulated on the inner face of the tubule,against its concentration gradient.What can you infer about the mechanism of transport?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Terrestrial organisms lose water through evaporation.In what ecosystem might an entomologist find a good study organism to examine the prevention of water loss?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Freshwater flatworms produce urine that is typically

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Materials are returned to the blood from the filtrate by which of the following processes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Excessive formation of uric acid crystals in humans leads to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The body fluids of an osmoconformer would be ________ with its ________ environment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Osmoregulatory adjustment via the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system can be triggered by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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verified

Correct Answer
verified

The body fluids of an osmoconformer would be with its environment.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified