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Farmers having to continually invested in new innovations to remain competitive is referred to as


A) technological determinism.
B) science as repair.
C) a technology treadmill.
D) modernization.

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The idea that culture and society develop around technological advancements is called


A) technological determinism.
B) the technology treadmill.
C) science as repair.
D) industrialization.

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The tomato harvester illustrates that


A) the benefits of technological innovations.
B) the application of new technologies can be contentious and impacts complex.
C) the innovations can increase labor costs.
D) new innovations are always willingly accepted by farmers.

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It is estimated that closing the gender gap in agriculture would


A) ensure a place for women working in the fields with their children.
B) increase global food insecurity by 12-17%.
C) reduce global food insecurity by 12-17%.
D) have no effect on global food insecurity.

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The effects of agricultural technologies


A) affect men and women in the same ways.
B) often affect men and women in different ways.
C) always empower women on farms.
D) always marginalize women on farms.

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High-yielding crops


A) may or may not benefit small farmers, depending on market access.
B) always benefit small farmers.
C) never benefit small farmers.
D) are only adopted by large farmers.

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Which statement best fits with a sociological approach to agricultural science and technologies?


A) New technologies always benefit all farmers.
B) New technologies tend to have both benefits and drawbacks.
C) New technologies always have more costs than benefits.
D) New technologies are capable of solving all of the problems with agriculture.

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B

Direct human intervention to alter an organism's genome or epigenome by editing or introducing new proteins is called


A) nanotechnology.
B) the Green Revolution.
C) science of repair.
D) genetic engineering (GE) .

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When new technological innovations are developed to remediate problems caused by previous technological innovations, this is referred to as


A) appropriate technology.
B) the technology treadmill.
C) the science of repair.
D) technological determinism.

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C

The trend in agricultural research in the US is


A) towards greater public support.
B) towards greater privatization.
C) towards greater investment in non-technological solutions to agricultural problems.
D) towards greater democratization.

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The Green Revolution resulted in


A) lower yields and negative environmental impacts.
B) lower yields and reduced negative impacts on the environment.
C) increased yields and reduced negative impacts on the environment.
D) increased yields and negative environmental impacts.

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The concept of appropriate technologies refers to


A) technologies that are to tailored to local populations and specific contexts.
B) standardized technologies.
C) technologies that are tailored to small farmers.
D) Green Revolution technologies.

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A

Which theory posits that industrialization, urbanization, and the more complex divisions of labor represent progress?


A) Modernization theory
B) Dependency theory
C) World Systems theory
D) Urbanization theory

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Write an essay that examines the way that institutional contexts affect agricultural science and technological development. First, discuss the ways that agricultural science and technological development has come to be increasingly influenced by private interests. Second, describe what proponents argue are the benefits of such privatization. Third, discuss the critique of the privatization of agricultural science and technological development.

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Agricultural science and technological d...

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The Green Revolution approach to modernizing agriculture in the Global South fits best with which of the following theories?


A) World systems theory
B) Modernization theory
C) Dependency theory
D) Bread basket theory

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Depeasantization refers to


A) small farmers moving off the land in developing nations.
B) urban resettlement plans in developing countries.
C) the shift from the use of peasants to hired workers in agriculture.
D) rural to urban migration caused by a surge in urban job opportunities.

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In agriculture, the gender gap refers to


A) the fact that men have been shown to be more effective farmers.
B) inequality in access to land and inputs between male and female farmers.
C) variance among female farmers.
D) higher rates of food insecurity among male farmers.

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Sociologists argue that the introduction of new technological innovations can have complex effects. Using the example of the Green Revolution, discuss the ways that agricultural innovations can have both benefits and drawbacks, and how these can vary by for different actors.

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The Green Revolution, which began in the...

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In the United States, agricultural research at universities


A) is increasingly funded by private companies.
B) always benefits the public good.
C) is subject to democratic governance.
D) is fully funded by the US government.

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Discuss how the introduction of an agricultural technology can differentially impact men and women on the farm.

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The introduction of agricultural technol...

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