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Compare and contrast licensing and franchising as foreign market entry strategies. Why is franchising a more comprehensive strategy?

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A licensing agreement specifies the natu...

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Treaties that support international protection of intellectual property harm developing economies due to high capital investment.

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Describe the guidelines for protecting intellectual property.

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In advanced economies, intellectual prop...

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Franchising is an advanced form of licensing in which the the franchisor allows the franchisee, the right to use an entire business system in exchange for compensation.

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Describe six unique qualities shared by all cross-border contractual relationships.

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Cross-border contractual relationships h...

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An advantage of licensing is that firms are able to ________.


A) enter markets with extensive trade barriers
B) guarantee a basis for future expansion
C) control how the licensed asset is used
D) resolve disputes easily

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Cross-licensing often occurs in the semiconductor and chemical industries in order to ________.


A) divide the costs of production and marketing between competing firms
B) avoid research duplication and building on each other's innovations
C) protect the inventions and designs of small firms from large MNEs
D) decrease the likelihood of industrial spying and theft among firms

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In typical licensing agreements, the licensee compensates the licensor with a down-payment plus ongoing royalties based on sales.

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Which of the following challenges is applicable to the franchisee in a franchising agreement?


A) The franchisee must make their own arrangements to acquire initial training and know-how.
B) The franchisor holds much power, including superior bargaining power.
C) There is no scope to operate an independent business.
D) There is decreased likelihood of business success.

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Which of the following is characteristic of a know-how agreement?


A) exclusive rights to reproduce original art work
B) permission to use manufacturing facilities for a fee
C) exchanging technological or management information for royalties
D) trading the use of a name brand for management advice

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What is cross-licensing? Why does the pharmaceutical industry tend to favor cross-licensing arrangements? Explain your answer in a short essay.

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In some industries, such as pharmaceutic...

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Which of the following is an advantage of franchising to the franchisee?


A) reduced expenses as the franchisor provides supplies, equipment, and products
B) minimum initial investments or royalty payments are applicable
C) use of a well-known, recognizable brand name
D) franchisee holds much power, including superior bargaining power

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Where are the majority of the world's top licensing firms based?


A) Europe
B) United States
C) China
D) Japan

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Azoo Government Projects (Scenario) The nation of Azoo needs the assistance of a contractor to construct a new bridge and a subway system. The nation lacks the skilled labor and technical know-how to handle such large-scale projects. Representatives of the Azoo government are reviewing the project bids provided by two different international contractors. Contractor A proposes a turnkey contract for Azoo. Contractor B proposes a build-operate-transfer arrangement. -Contractor A would most likely oversee each of the following EXCEPT ________.


A) designing the bridge
B) operating the subway system continuously
C) engineering the bridge
D) constructing the subway system

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In international leasing, a major advantage for the lessor is the ability to gain quick access to target markets, while putting assets to use earning profits.

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Before undertaking contractual entry strategies abroad, management ________.


A) should bribe government officials to ensure protection of intellectual property
B) should register patents and copyrights with local governments
C) should keep information about intellectual property confidential from all franchisees in countries with weak anti-piracy laws
D) understand and follow subjective moral and ethical standards across market

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Wonder Cat Licensing (Scenario) Wonder Cat is a popular, new cartoon series created by the U.S-based All Cartoon Channel (ACC) . Currently, the only Wonder Cat item available for sale are shirts that are sold exclusively through the ACC Web site. The cartoon series is a big hit in China, and as a result ACC has been approached by a Chinese firm about a licensing agreement. ACC executives are considering the pros and cons of such an agreement before making any final decisions. -Which of the following statements most likely supports an ACC decision to enter into a licensing agreement with the Chinese firm?


A) Royalties from toys and apparel would be initially minimal.
B) The Wonder Cat brand's products could be easily counterfeited in other markets except in the Chinese markets.
C) The Chinese government restricts complete ownership of local operations by foreign firms.
D) China exclusively opts for high-control strategies such as FDI.

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Which of the following is an advantage of licensing?


A) It is ideal for products, services, or knowledge that is highly complex.
B) It is easy to maintain control over how the licensed asset is used.
C) It requires very little capital investment in the foreign market.
D) It guarantees a basis for future expansion in the market.

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A know-how agreement grants a firm permission to use another firm's proprietary names, characters, or logos for a specified period of time in exchange for a royalty.

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Big Boy Burgers (Scenario) Big Boy Burgers (BBB) is an American fast food restaurant chain that has franchises around the world. Recently, BBB managers have been concerned about protecting the firm's intellectual property, which includes the recipes for its unique burger sauces and specialty burger buns. Although BBB has never experienced a theft of intellectual property, the firm's managers feel BBB should be more cautious. Managers are meeting with security and legal experts to discuss the options available to the firm which would protect BBB from future international problems. -The Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) was created by the ________.


A) IMF
B) United Nations
C) WTO
D) World Bank

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