Question 1

One key difference between sensory memory and short-term memory is that

Accepted Answer

A)   the information in sensory memory fades in one or two seconds, while short-term memories last several hours.
B)   short-term memories can be described, while sensory memories cannot.
C)   the quality and detail of sensory memory are far superior to those of short-term memory.
D)   sensory memory stores auditory information, while short-term memory stores visual information.

Question 2

When you enter an old password to retrieve your email, rather than entering your new password, you are demonstrating _______ interference. On the other hand, not being able to recall your old phone number is an example of _______ interference.

Accepted Answer

A)   retroactive; proactive
B)   hyperactive; retroactive
C)   hypoactive; hyperactive
D)   proactive; retroactive

Question 3

Neuroscientists developed the non-matching-to-sample task in order to test whether

Accepted Answer

A)   brain lesions affected declarative memory.
B)   procedural learning was affected by declarative memory.
C)   cerebellar lesions affected procedural memory.
D)   frontal or temporal lesions affected implicit memory.

Question 4

Differentiate between declarative and nondeclarative memory.

Accepted Answer

A)   Declarative memory refers to things you show by doing; nondeclarative memory refers to things you show by telling.
B)   Declarative memory is long-term; nondeclarative memory is short-term.
C)   Declarative memory is hippocampus dependent; nondeclarative memory is hippocampus independent.
D)   Declarative memory relates to motor procedures; nondeclarative relates to facts and information.

Question 5

Which pair of words would be most closely related in a semantic web?

Accepted Answer

A)   Dog and wolf
B)   Cat and puppy
C)   Dog and dig
D)   Cat and cut

Question 6

In the process of finding the term to answer this question, you are using

Accepted Answer

A)   consolidation.
B)   storage.
C)   chunking.
D)   retrieval.

Question 7

Which situation best lends itself to memorization by encoding?

Accepted Answer

A)   Learning the words of a song in an unfamiliar language
B)   Learning the names of 22 students in your literature class
C)   Remembering how to make a complicated dessert
D)   Remembering how to get to the campus recreation facility

Question 8

Identify the component of working memory you are using when you repeat a phone number over and over in your head in order to remember it.

Accepted Answer

A)   Phonological loop
B)   Free recall
C)   Episodic buffer
D)   Visuospatial sketchpad

Question 9

Writing down the names of all twentieth-century U.S. presidents from memory requires you to engage in

Accepted Answer

A)   free recall.
B)   cued recall.
C)   priming.
D)   spreading activation.

Question 10

Which situation involves the concept of priming?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bill studied his notes before taking an exam and subsequently passed.
B)   Grace read an article about her favorite actor, and later, when choosing a movie, she unknowingly chose to watch a movie with that actor.
C)   Javier needed to memorize a list of items to pick up at the grocery store, so he associated each item with something on his office desk.
D)   Mary Ellen lost her keys and later retraced her steps until she found them.

Question 11

Refer to the figure below.
 If you attempted to memorize a list of words by organizing the words as shown in the figure, which encoding strategy would you be using?

Accepted Answer

A)   Mnemonics
B)   Hierarchies
C)   Nonsense syllables
D)   Chunking

Question 12

What are the three processes of information transfer?

Accepted Answer

A)   Phonological loop, visuospatial sketchpad, episodic buffer
B)   Sensory buffer, STM, LTM
C)   Primacy effect, serial position curve, recency effect
D)   Encoding, consolidation, memory retrieval

Question 13

Imagine that you are learning to play the piano, which requires fine control of finger movement. How might underlying neural activity (i.e., synaptic activity) change as you learn?

Accepted Answer

There are four different ways that synap...

Question 14

What parts of the brain did the case of H.M., as well as experiments with animals, reveal as important for declarative memory?

Accepted Answer

They showed that the...

Question 15

Richie needs to buy bananas, apricots, and milk. Which demonstrates the use of an acronym to remember the items on his list?

Accepted Answer

A)   Repeating the items as he walks to the store and as he retrieves the items
B)   Using the word BAM to remind him of the first letter of each item
C)   Imagining slipping on a banana peel as he gets out of bed, kicking an apricot into his closet, then finding milk spilled on the windowsill
D)   Writing the names of the items in alphabetical order

Question 16

According to memory researchers, the best way to prepare for an exam is to

Accepted Answer

A)   reread all of your notes the morning of the exam.
B)   repeatedly test yourself on information that will be on the exam.
C)   associate each term you have to learn with an item in the exam room.
D)   divide each chapter into parts you can skip and parts you need to learn.

Question 17

Which situation most likely involves retrograde amnesia?

Accepted Answer

A)   Brent woke up one night in a rage and found he could not remember details about his activities on the previous day for more than a few moments.
B)   Manuel oscillates between remembering details of his life and not being able to remember them.
C)   Ever since she was a young girl, Colleen felt like demons were inside her head compelling her to remember disturbing things about her past.
D)   Following Greg's surgery to remove a benign brain tumor he could not recall most of what had happened to him during the year before his surgery.

Question 18

Which is the best critique of the accuracy of flashbulb memory?

Accepted Answer

A)   Flashbulb memories may suffer from over-rehearsal.
B)   The retrieval of flashbulb memories is context-dependent.
C)   Flashbulb memories generally arise after a hypnosis session.
D)   Flashbulb memories are linked to one another based on shared characteristics.

Question 19

One way to differentiate between long-term and short-term memory systems in research is to construct a serial position curve, or to plot the position of an item in a list along with

Accepted Answer

A)   the percent of participants that recalled the item.
B)   the time it took for participants to recall the item.
C)   the speed and accuracy of participants' recall of the item.
D)   the number of times a participant asked about the item.

Question 20

The susceptibility of our memories to include false details that fit in with real details of an event is called the

Accepted Answer

A)   priming effect.
B)   interference effect.
C)   tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon.
D)   misinformation effect.

Exam 9: Memory

Differentiate between declarative and nondeclarative memory.

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Refer to the figure below. If you attempted to memorize a list of words by organizing the words as shown in the figure, which encoding strategy would you be using?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which pair of words would be most closely related in a semantic web?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is the best critique of the accuracy of flashbulb memory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Writing down the names of all twentieth-century U.S. presidents from memory requires you to engage in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Imagine that you are learning to play the piano, which requires fine control of finger movement. How might underlying neural activity (i.e., synaptic activity) change as you learn?

Correct AnswerverifiedThere are four different ways that synap...View AnswerShow Answer

One key difference between sensory memory and short-term memory is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to memory researchers, the best way to prepare for an exam is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When you enter an old password to retrieve your email, rather than entering your new password, you are demonstrating _______ interference. On the other hand, not being able to recall your old phone number is an example of _______ interference.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What parts of the brain did the case of H.M., as well as experiments with animals, reveal as important for declarative memory?

Correct AnswerverifiedThey showed that the...View AnswerShow Answer

Richie needs to buy bananas, apricots, and milk. Which demonstrates the use of an acronym to remember the items on his list?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the three processes of information transfer?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Neuroscientists developed the non-matching-to-sample task in order to test whether

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify the component of working memory you are using when you repeat a phone number over and over in your head in order to remember it.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which situation best lends itself to memorization by encoding?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the process of finding the term to answer this question, you are using

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which situation most likely involves retrograde amnesia?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One way to differentiate between long-term and short-term memory systems in research is to construct a serial position curve, or to plot the position of an item in a list along with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The susceptibility of our memories to include false details that fit in with real details of an event is called the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which situation involves the concept of priming?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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There are four different ways that synap...
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When you enter an old password to retrieve your email, rather than entering your new password, you are demonstrating _ interference. On the other hand, not being able to recall your old phone number is an example of _ interference.

Correct Answer
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They showed that the...
View Answer

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