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Exam 1: An Overview of Cells and Cell Research

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Question 61

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Drosophila melanogaster was an organism of choice for the study of

A) the process of fertilization.
B) the process of cell aggregation to form a multicellular organism.
C) the process of development.
D) mammalian genetics.

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Question 62

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Organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts are thought to have originated in eukaryotic cells via a process called

A) phagocytosis.
B) endosymbiosis.
C) endocytosis.
D) exocytosis.

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Question 63

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In the _______ microscope, imaging is restricted to a single focal plane by the use of an aperture pinhole to reject out of focus light; whereas in the _______ microscope, the same outcome is achieved through the use of light wavelengths such that excitation of the fluorescent dye requires the simultaneous absorption of two or more photons.

Viruses can have either RNA or DNA for their genetic material.

The formation of a phospholipid bilayer membrane around a set of macromolecules was an important step in the origin and early evolution of life. What two advantages of such a system are thought to have allowed the first cells to grow and evolve?

Photosynthesis first evolved in the green algae.

Higher plants and higher animals are similar in that they contain about the same number of different cell types.

The simplicity and clarity of Caenorhabditis elegans allowed researchers to

Caenorhabditis elegans is an important organism for the study of plant development.

Synthesis of DNA from RNA was first observed using retroviruses.

Which of the following is the most commonly used mammal for genetic studies?

Why is RNA thought to have arisen on Earth prior to proteins and DNA?

A single somatic animal cell in culture is capable of forming an entire animal.

E. coli is a useful model system for molecular biology studies because

Embryonic stem cells are different from primary cell cultures or permanent cell lines derived from a tissue in that they are capable of

Which of the following is a colonial organism closely related to the evolutionary precursors of present-day plants?

Studies of certain viruses have led to the discovery that DNA can be synthesized from an RNA template. What are these viruses called?

Model systems serve as simplified examples in which the properties and development of cells can be examined easily. For mammals, a common model system is _______, and _______ is a common model for plants.

Electron microscopes have a resolution advantage over light microscopes because

The Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) is