Question 1

Which antioxidant is most effective in rapidly eliminating hydroxyl radicals prior to initiation of oxidative damage?

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamin E
B)  vitamin C
C)  vitamin K
D)  beta-carotene

Question 2

​Instructions: Use the molecules below to answer the next three questions.
A)  
B)  
C)  
D) 
-Which is molecule is retinoic acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  A
B)  B
C)  C
D)  D

Question 3

Many anticoagulants work by inhibiting the regeneration of active vitamin K (i.e.,dihydrovitamin KH₂)during the vitamin K cycle.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Subclinical vitamin K deficiency may be associated with diminished bone mineral density and increased fracture rates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Calcium homeostasis in the blood depends on intestinal absorption,bone resorption,and kidney reabsorption.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which bacteria produce vitamin K and in what form? Because this production is not sufficient to meet the body's needs,name five foods that provide large amounts of vitamin K and in which form.

Accepted Answer

​Grading rubric - answer should include ...

Question 7

Match the factor to its correct action.
-XIa

Accepted Answer

A)  becomes activated in the presence of thromboplastin
B)  creates insoluble fibrin for final clot formation
C)  converts prothrombin into thrombin
D)  works with factor IXa to activate factor X
E)  activates factor IX"

Question 8

Although for micronutrients increasing the amount of a protein by directly inducing gene expression is certainly a common mechanism,we have encountered other mechanisms by which vitamins can regulate proteins.Provide one example of posttranslational modification,being as specific as possible.

Accepted Answer

?A possible example is vitamin K,which i...

Question 9

The best source of vitamin D per recommended serving is ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  liver
B)  tuna fish
C)  swordfish
D)  cod liver oil

Question 10

Choose the ONE correct statement.

Accepted Answer

A)  Beta-carotene is hydrolyzed in the jejunum before it is absorbed.
B)  Retinol does not need to form a micelle to cross the USW.
C)  Beta-carotene dioxygenase activity occurs in the lumen of the ileum.
D)  Retinol must be reesterified to be carried in the chylomicron.

Question 11

Vitamin D increases the abundance of calbindin (Ca++ transporter)in enterocytes by increasing the transcription of the calbindin gene.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Risk of vitamin K deficiency is greatest in ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  newborns
B)  children
C)  adolescents
D)  older people

Question 13

What percentage of vitamin D from the diet is absorbed?

Accepted Answer

A)  20%
B)  30%
C)  40%
D)  50% D

Question 14

Indicate: (1)the active form of vitamin K, (2)the general function of vitamin K,and (3)an example of the general function (this could be a specific reaction or simply indicate a pathway/ process where it occurs).Your answers do not need to be long!

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K
(1)Dihydrovitamin K...

Question 15

If asked about the relationship of vitamin D to autoimmune disease,the best information for a dietetic professional to provide is ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  that the evidence does not support a relationship at this time
B)  that the evidence is only in animals, not humans
C)  that some evidence suggests a protective effect of vitamin D
D)  to take a supplement containing 2000 IU vitamin D each day

Question 16

Would you recommend β-carotene supplementation to a smoker to decrease the risk of lung cancer?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yes-β-carotene can quench singlet oxygen.
B)  Yes-smoking increases free radical formation; β-carotene can decrease free radicals.
C)  No-β-carotene supplements may be harmful to smokers and their use is not advised for the general public.
D)  No-β-carotene supplements can cause vitamin A toxicity and liver cirrhosis.

Question 17

Choose the food that is rich in vitamin A palmitate.

Accepted Answer

A)  spinach
B)  liver
C)  carrots
D)  pumpkin

Question 18

Match the factor to its correct action.
-XIIIa

Accepted Answer

A)  becomes activated in the presence of thromboplastin
B)  creates insoluble fibrin for final clot formation
C)  converts prothrombin into thrombin
D)  works with factor IXa to activate factor X
E)  activates factor IX" B

Question 19

Describe how vitamin A affects bone growth.

Accepted Answer

​Grading rubric - answer should include the following items:
Bone growth and resorption rely on cells called osteoblasts and osteoclasts,respectively.A vitamin A deficiency will cause excess deposition of bone by osteoblasts and a reduction in bone degradation by osteoclasts because it stimulates the former and suppresses the latter.An excess of vitamin A will cause the reverse to occur.Osteoclasts will be stimulated causing excess bone resorption and osteoblasts will be suppressed leading to a decrease in bone density.This might lead to an increased risk of bone fracture.

Question 20

Which vitamin D molecule would you expect to see in fortified foods?

Accepted Answer

A)  ergocalciferol-vitamin D₂
B)  calcidiol-25-OH D₃
C)  calcitriol-1,25-OH₂ D₃
D)  cholecalciferol-vitamin D₃

Exam 10: Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Which antioxidant is most effective in rapidly eliminating hydroxyl radicals prior to initiation of oxidative damage?

Correct Answer
verified

Instructions: Use the molecules below to answer the next three questions. A) B) C) D) -Which is molecule is retinoic acid?

Correct Answer
verified

Many anticoagulants work by inhibiting the regeneration of active vitamin K (i.e.,dihydrovitamin KH₂)during the vitamin K cycle.

Correct Answer
verified

Subclinical vitamin K deficiency may be associated with diminished bone mineral density and increased fracture rates.

Correct Answer
verified

Calcium homeostasis in the blood depends on intestinal absorption,bone resorption,and kidney reabsorption.

Correct Answer
verified

Which bacteria produce vitamin K and in what form? Because this production is not sufficient to meet the body's needs,name five foods that provide large amounts of vitamin K and in which form.

Correct Answer
verified
Grading rubric - answer should include ...
View Answer

Match the factor to its correct action. -XIa

Correct Answer
verified

Although for micronutrients increasing the amount of a protein by directly inducing gene expression is certainly a common mechanism,we have encountered other mechanisms by which vitamins can regulate proteins.Provide one example of posttranslational modification,being as specific as possible.

Correct Answer
verified
?A possible example is vitamin K,which i...
View Answer

The best source of vitamin D per recommended serving is ____.

Correct Answer
verified

Choose the ONE correct statement.

Correct Answer
verified

Vitamin D increases the abundance of calbindin (Ca++ transporter)in enterocytes by increasing the transcription of the calbindin gene.

Correct Answer
verified

Risk of vitamin K deficiency is greatest in ____.

Correct Answer
verified

What percentage of vitamin D from the diet is absorbed?

Correct Answer
verified
D

Indicate: (1)the active form of vitamin K, (2)the general function of vitamin K,and (3)an example of the general function (this could be a specific reaction or simply indicate a pathway/ process where it occurs).Your answers do not need to be long!

Correct Answer
verified
Vitamin K
(1)Dihydrovitamin K...
View Answer

If asked about the relationship of vitamin D to autoimmune disease,the best information for a dietetic professional to provide is ____.

Correct Answer
verified

Would you recommend β-carotene supplementation to a smoker to decrease the risk of lung cancer?

Correct Answer
verified

Choose the food that is rich in vitamin A palmitate.

Correct Answer
verified

Match the factor to its correct action. -XIIIa

Correct Answer
verified
B

Describe how vitamin A affects bone growth.

Which vitamin D molecule would you expect to see in fortified foods?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 10: Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Which antioxidant is most effective in rapidly eliminating hydroxyl radicals prior to initiation of oxidative damage?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

​Instructions: Use the molecules below to answer the next three questions. A) B) C) D) -Which is molecule is retinoic acid?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many anticoagulants work by inhibiting the regeneration of active vitamin K (i.e.,dihydrovitamin KH₂)during the vitamin K cycle.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Subclinical vitamin K deficiency may be associated with diminished bone mineral density and increased fracture rates.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Calcium homeostasis in the blood depends on intestinal absorption,bone resorption,and kidney reabsorption.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which bacteria produce vitamin K and in what form? Because this production is not sufficient to meet the body's needs,name five foods that provide large amounts of vitamin K and in which form.

Correct Answerverified​Grading rubric - answer should include ...View AnswerShow Answer

Match the factor to its correct action. -XIa

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although for micronutrients increasing the amount of a protein by directly inducing gene expression is certainly a common mechanism,we have encountered other mechanisms by which vitamins can regulate proteins.Provide one example of posttranslational modification,being as specific as possible.

Correct Answerverified?A possible example is vitamin K,which i...View AnswerShow Answer

The best source of vitamin D per recommended serving is ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Choose the ONE correct statement.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vitamin D increases the abundance of calbindin (Ca++ transporter)in enterocytes by increasing the transcription of the calbindin gene.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Risk of vitamin K deficiency is greatest in ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What percentage of vitamin D from the diet is absorbed?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Indicate: (1)the active form of vitamin K, (2)the general function of vitamin K,and (3)an example of the general function (this could be a specific reaction or simply indicate a pathway/ process where it occurs).Your answers do not need to be long!

Correct Answerverified​Vitamin K(1)Dihydrovitamin K...View AnswerShow Answer

If asked about the relationship of vitamin D to autoimmune disease,the best information for a dietetic professional to provide is ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Would you recommend β-carotene supplementation to a smoker to decrease the risk of lung cancer?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Choose the food that is rich in vitamin A palmitate.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the factor to its correct action. -XIIIa

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Describe how vitamin A affects bone growth.

Which vitamin D molecule would you expect to see in fortified foods?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Instructions: Use the molecules below to answer the next three questions. A) B) C) D) -Which is molecule is retinoic acid?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
Grading rubric - answer should include ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
?A possible example is vitamin K,which i...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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D

Correct Answer
verified
Vitamin K
(1)Dihydrovitamin K...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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B

Correct Answer
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