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Throughput in a system refers to


A) the output of a system measured in productivity.
B) what all living systems must combat to survive.
C) the process of transforming input into output to keep the system functioning.
D) the structure of a system.

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A system is


A) a set of relatively unrelated parts working separately to accomplish a common goal.
B) a set of interrelated parts working together to form a whole in the context of a changing environment.
C) generally composed of input, output, and throughput.
D) destroyed if input ceases.

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All systems attempt to maintain stability and to achieve a state of dynamic equilibrium by resisting change.

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Your group has a difficult group member. He complains repeatedly, bullies group members into supporting his positions during discussions, and dominates the discussion, often interrupting other members. Your group should address this difficult individual by


A) letting the troublemaker have his way so these initial "victories" might incline him to be less combative.
B) trying to change the difficult member into a likeable person.
C) allowing the troublemaker to voice complaints to the entire group whenever disgruntled, hoping he will "run out of steam."
D) confronting the difficult member about his unacceptable behavior.

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Deep diversity refers to


A) including a high percentage of under-represented minorities as group members.
B) making sure there is gender equity in a group's composition.
C) substantial variation among group members in task-relevant skills, knowledge, abilities, beliefs, values, perspectives, and problem-solving strategies.
D) All of the above

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Setting boundaries is a critical group function.

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According to structuration theory, structures established in small groups permit throughput to occur while also constraining the process.

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Distortion of information is usually a bigger problem in small groups than it is in large organizations because large organizations have more resources to prevent such distortion.

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According to "bad apple" research,


A) bad apple members are an example of negative synergy.
B) those groups that had to deal with a bad apple member scored 30% to 40% lower on challenging tasks than groups with no bad apple member.
C) bad apple behavior is highly contagious, easily infecting other group members.
D) negative influence of one bad apple member is usually not great when most group members are highly talented individuals.

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As group size increases, which of the following typically occurs?


A) Complexity increases
B) Factions develop
C) The number of nonparticipating members increases
D) All of the above

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A rule


A) should always be followed in groups if a group hopes to be effective.
B) is a prescription that indicates what you should or shouldn't do in specific contexts.
C) is central to determining appropriateness of your communication.
D) is one way to establish a boundary in groups.

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The ripple effect in a system is always a negative experience for group members.

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When the action of one group member creates a ripple effect on the entire group, this is an example of


A) negative synergy.
B) diffusion of responsibility.
C) interconnectedness within a system.
D) group synergy.

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Larger groups compared to smaller groups typically have


A) fewer isolates (non-participants) .
B) fewer factions and members splintering off from the group's general point of view.
C) greater difficulty working cooperatively.
D) greater group satisfaction.

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Dynamic equilibrium


A) is a range in which systems can manage change effectively to promote growth and success without destroying the system with too much instability.
B) recognizes that there is a perfect balance point between stability and change in a system.
C) is sustained in a system by regulating the degree, rate, and persistence of change.
D) All of the above

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There are two variables that influence the "ideal" group size. They are


A) quality of decisions and quantity of information.
B) quantity of information and speed of decision making.
C) quality and formality of decision making.
D) quality and speed of decision making.

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Larger groups inhibit overt disagreement more than smaller groups.

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