Question 1

Premature babies frequently need to be put on a respirator to help them breathe.Why does this become a necessary treatment for many premature babies?

Accepted Answer

The lungs are one of the last organs to ...

Question 2

The beating of the cilia of the respiratory passages in the direction of the pharynx forms a ________.

Accepted Answer

mucociliar...

Question 3

Match the lung volume with its description.
-the additional air inhaled after a normal inspiration

Accepted Answer

A)  tidal volume
B)  inspiratory reserve volume
C)  expiratory reserve volume
D)  residual volume

Question 4

According to the law of LaPlace, when comparing two alveoli lined with fluid, pressure in the one with the ________ diameter will be greater.

Accepted Answer

A)   larger
B)   smaller

Question 5

When the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract,

Accepted Answer

A)   expiration occurs.
B)   intrapulmonary pressure increases.
C)   intrapleural pressure decreases.
D)   the volume of the lungs decreases.
E)   All of the answers are correct.

Question 6

Increasing the alveolar ventilation rate will

Accepted Answer

A)   increase the partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli.
B)   decrease the rate of oxygen diffusion from the alveoli to the blood.
C)   increase the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the alveoli.
D)   decrease the rate of carbon dioxide diffusion from the blood to the alveoli.
E)   have no effect on either the partial pressure or diffusion rate of gases.

Question 7

The cells of the lung that produce the substance that lowers surface tension are ________.

Accepted Answer

type II al...

Question 8

Because of their smooth muscle component, the structures of the lower respiratory system that can most alter airway resistance are the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Because of their smooth muscle component, the...

Question 9

During normal expiration,

Accepted Answer

A)   elastic recoil of stretched muscles helps return the thorax to its resting volume.
B)   the internal intercostal muscles are required.
C)   the abdominal muscles become involved.
D)   elastic recoil of stretched muscles helps return the thorax to its resting volume and the internal intercostal muscles are required.
E)   elastic recoil of stretched muscles helps return the thorax to its resting volume, the internal intercostal muscles are required, and the abdominal muscles become involved.

Question 10

With what you have learned about pulmonary ventilation, how would you design an artificial respirator to keep patients with paralyzed respiratory muscles alive? How does artificial respiration by a machine compare to mouth-to-mouth respiration?

Accepted Answer

The artificial respirator needs to alter...

Question 11

A typical value for intrapleural pressure is ________ mm Hg.

Accepted Answer

A)   +6
B)   +3
C)   0
D)   -3
E)   -6

Question 12

Joe is playing in an intramural football game when he is tackled so hard that he breaks a rib.He can actually feel a piece of the rib sticking through the skin, and he is having a difficult time breathing.Joe probably is suffering from

Accepted Answer

A)   a collapsed trachea.
B)   an obstruction in the bronchi.
C)   a pneumothorax.
D)   decreased surfactant production.
E)   a bruised diaphragm.

Question 13

The pressure contributed by a single gas in a mixture of gases is known as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The pressure contributed by a single gas...

Question 14

Alveolar ventilation refers to the

Accepted Answer

A)   movement of air into and out of the lungs.
B)   movement of air into and out of the alveoli.
C)   movement of dissolved gases from the alveoli to the blood.
D)   movement of dissolved gases from the blood to the alveoli.
E)   utilization of oxygen by alveolar cells to support metabolism.

Question 15

Match the type of breathing with its description.
-difficulty breathing

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperpnea
B)  hyperventilation
C)  tachypnea
D)  dyspnea
E)  apnea

Question 16

Explain how the upper airways and bronchi condition the air, and why this conditioning is important.

Accepted Answer

Air is warmed to body temperature to pro...

Question 17

In a condition known as pleurisy, there is excess fluid in the pleural space.How would you expect this to affect the process of pulmonary ventilation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ventilation would require less energy.
B)   Breathing would be labored and difficult.
C)   It would be easier to expand the lungs on inspiration.
D)   More air would be forced out during expiration.
E)   Tidal volume would increase.

Question 18

In the lungs, the

Accepted Answer

A)   blood flow rate is higher and the blood pressure is lower, respectively, than the blood flow rate and the blood pressure in other tissues.
B)   blood flow rate is higher and the blood pressure is higher, respectively, than the blood flow rate and the blood pressure in other tissues.
C)   blood flow rate is lower and the blood pressure is lower, respectively, than the blood flow rate and the blood pressure in other tissues.
D)   blood flow rate is lower and the blood pressure is higher, respectively, than the blood flow rate and the blood pressure in other tissues.
E)   blood flow rate and the blood pressure are the same as in other tissues.

Question 19

Pressure and volume of gas in a container are related to temperature and number of gas molecules.This is known as ________ law.

Accepted Answer

A)   the ideal gas
B)   Boyle's
C)   Dalton's
D)   Henry's
E)   Ohm's

Question 20

Harry suffers from cystic fibrosis and frequently has periods where he can hardly breathe.The problem is the result of

Accepted Answer

A)   inflammation of the bronchi.
B)   constriction of the trachea.
C)   thick secretions that exceed the ability of the mucus elevator to transport them.
D)   laryngospasms that occur in response to a toxic substance produced by the epithelial cells.
E)   collapse of one or both lungs.

Exam 17: Mechanics of Breathing

Harry suffers from cystic fibrosis and frequently has periods where he can hardly breathe.The problem is the result of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The beating of the cilia of the respiratory passages in the direction of the pharynx forms a ________.

Correct Answerverifiedmucociliar...View AnswerShow Answer

Alveolar ventilation refers to the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

With what you have learned about pulmonary ventilation, how would you design an artificial respirator to keep patients with paralyzed respiratory muscles alive? How does artificial respiration by a machine compare to mouth-to-mouth respiration?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe artificial respirator needs to alter...View AnswerShow Answer

A typical value for intrapleural pressure is ________ mm Hg.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the law of LaPlace, when comparing two alveoli lined with fluid, pressure in the one with the ________ diameter will be greater.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Premature babies frequently need to be put on a respirator to help them breathe.Why does this become a necessary treatment for many premature babies?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe lungs are one of the last organs to ...View AnswerShow Answer

During normal expiration,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a condition known as pleurisy, there is excess fluid in the pleural space.How would you expect this to affect the process of pulmonary ventilation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain how the upper airways and bronchi condition the air, and why this conditioning is important.

Correct AnswerverifiedAir is warmed to body temperature to pro...View AnswerShow Answer

Joe is playing in an intramural football game when he is tackled so hard that he breaks a rib.He can actually feel a piece of the rib sticking through the skin, and he is having a difficult time breathing.Joe probably is suffering from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The pressure contributed by a single gas in a mixture of gases is known as ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The cells of the lung that produce the substance that lowers surface tension are ________.

Correct Answerverifiedtype II al...View AnswerShow Answer

Pressure and volume of gas in a container are related to temperature and number of gas molecules.This is known as ________ law.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the lungs, the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the type of breathing with its description. -difficulty breathing

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Because of their smooth muscle component, the structures of the lower respiratory system that can most alter airway resistance are the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Increasing the alveolar ventilation rate will

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the lung volume with its description. -the additional air inhaled after a normal inspiration

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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mucociliar...
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The artificial respirator needs to alter...
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The lungs are one of the last organs to ...
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Air is warmed to body temperature to pro...
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type II al...
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