Question 1

A student has forgotten the answer to a test question.According to Guthrie:

Accepted Answer

A)  lack of repetition has eliminated the answer from the student's mind
B)  a new pattern of response has been learned and is interfering with the correct response
C)  this indicates that the student never really learned the correct response
D)  the student's competence is questionable

Question 2

Guthrie's theory claims that:

Accepted Answer

A)  nothing should ever be forgotten
B)  the larger the reinforcer the more rapid the learning
C)  any change in stimulating conditions would be just as effective as reinforcement
D)  all of the above

Question 3

Guthrie would say that the cigarette habit is difficult to break because:

Accepted Answer

A)  people like to smoke
B)  the true reasons for smoking are unconscious
C)  it is associated with so many cues
D)  all people are slightly masochistic

Question 4

Guthrie's position on practice was that it:

Accepted Answer

A)  proved learning was a gradual process
B)  had no effect on the learning of a skill
C)  associated cues with movements causing proficiency
D)  violated his learning postulate

Question 5

Guthrie would advise a student to

Accepted Answer

A)  take a "diversity break" before an exam
B)  sidetrack the exam habit
C)  use the threshold method for studying
D)  study in the room where the exam will occur

Question 6

Guthrie looked upon "reinforcement" as:

Accepted Answer

A)  important because it is a part of the motivational state that causes learning
B)  that which reinforces learning
C)  providing anticipatory responses that cause learning
D)  preventing unlearning by removing the organism from stimuli just prior to the reinforcer

Question 7

Guthrie's explanation of chaining emphasizes:

Accepted Answer

A)  external stimulation
B)  internal stimulation
C)  internal and external stimulation
D)  thinking

Question 8

According to Guthrie, forgetting:

Accepted Answer

A)  is a gradual process
B)  does not occur
C)  occurs in one trial
D)  is due to nonreinforcement

Question 9

Practice is necessary and does improve performance because:

Accepted Answer

A)  it expands mental ability
B)  it brings about the attachment of cues to correct movements
C)  nothing is learned in one trial
D)  through practice one gains insight B

Question 10

According to Guthrie, when a stimulus and a response are first paired the association between the two:

Accepted Answer

A)  becomes slightly stronger
B)  is about the same as it was before the pairing
C)  lasts forever
D)  is completely learned and cannot be improved upon

Question 11

Which of the following was Guthrie's position on reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

A)  behavior is strengthened by reinforcement
B)  nothing new is added to associative learning by reinforcement except a mechanical arrangement
C)  reinforcement helps the organism associate more closely with the stimuli acting just prior to the reinforcer
D)  reinforcement removes the animal and thus prevents learning

Question 12

According to Guthrie, if you want to learn how to fill out tax forms you should:

Accepted Answer

A)  fill out tax forms
B)  study mathematics
C)  study any difficult topic and you will be better able to perform on any number of difficult tasks
D)  all of the above

Question 13

Guthrie would probably advise the person who has developed many bad habits in a given environment to:

Accepted Answer

A)  go to a therapist
B)  go somewhere else
C)  try to understand the habits
D)  go to a clergyman for help B

Question 14

Guthrie's theory of learning differed from Thorndike's in that:

Accepted Answer

A)  Guthrie minimized associative shifting
B)  Guthrie emphasized trial and error with reinforcement
C)  Guthrie's was a stimulus-response psychology
D)  Guthrie did not accept Thorndike's Law of Effect D

Question 15

The essence of Guthrie's theory is:

Accepted Answer

A)  responses are learned in one trial when there is contiguity between stimulus and response
B)  the number of pairings of stimulus and response determines learning
C)  trial and error learning
D)  all of the above

Question 16

Responses that are conditioned to maintaining stimuli are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  motives
B)  intentions
C)  drives
D)  emotions

Question 17

Which of the following was Guthrie's position on forgetting?

Accepted Answer

A)  only instrumental learning can be forgotten
B)  the original law of disuse explains all forgetting
C)  learning is permanent unless interfered with by new learning
D)  Guthrie never stated a position in regard to forgetting

Question 18

Which of the following best summarizes Guthrie's theory of learning?

Accepted Answer

A)  reinforcement and punishment
B)  classical conditioning and introspection
C)  contiguity and one trial learning
D)  trial and error learning and associative shifting

Question 19

For Guthrie, reinforcement caused:

Accepted Answer

A)  faster learning
B)  stronger responses
C)  preservation from unlearning
D)  stimulus-response behavior

Question 20

According to Guthrie all forgetting comes about because of:

Accepted Answer

A)  removal of reinforcement
B)  retroactive inhibition
C)  time
D)  all of the above

Exam 8: Edwin Ray Guthrie

A student has forgotten the answer to a test question.According to Guthrie:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Guthrie's theory claims that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Guthrie would say that the cigarette habit is difficult to break because:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Guthrie's position on practice was that it:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Guthrie would advise a student to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Guthrie looked upon "reinforcement" as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Guthrie's explanation of chaining emphasizes:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Guthrie, forgetting:

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Practice is necessary and does improve performance because:

Correct AnswerverifiedB

According to Guthrie, when a stimulus and a response are first paired the association between the two:

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Which of the following was Guthrie's position on reinforcement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Guthrie, if you want to learn how to fill out tax forms you should:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Guthrie would probably advise the person who has developed many bad habits in a given environment to:

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Guthrie's theory of learning differed from Thorndike's in that:

Correct AnswerverifiedD

The essence of Guthrie's theory is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Responses that are conditioned to maintaining stimuli are called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following was Guthrie's position on forgetting?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following best summarizes Guthrie's theory of learning?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For Guthrie, reinforcement caused:

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According to Guthrie all forgetting comes about because of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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B

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B

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D

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