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As compared to a Skinnerian learning theory approach to personality, the social cognitive approach places __________ emphasis on ____________.


A) less; cognition
B) more; learning
C) more; cognition
D) less; learning

Correct Answer

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What makes one person different from another? Which theorist below is CORRECTLY matched to a potential response to this question?


A) Skinner: "People have different histories of reinforcement and punishment."
B) Bandura: "People develop different expectations of the effect their behaviour is likely to have."
C) Cattell: "People differ in the extent to which their behaviour reflects several fundamental dimensions.
D) All these are correctly matched.

Correct Answer

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Which of the following is TRUE regarding Allport's trait categories?


A) Not everyone possesses central traits.
B) Not everyone possesses cardinal traits.
C) Not everyone possesses secondary traits.
D) None of these are true.

Correct Answer

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Udi Blankstein and colleagues found that more grey brain matter volume in the frontal-limbic area in young women was related to which of the following?


A) higher levels of neuroticism
B) more chronic pain
C) depression
D) all of these options

Correct Answer

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According to your textbook, in addition to the original purpose of the MMPI-2, this test has also been found to:


A) predict some everyday behaviours.
B) assess a person's propensity to lie or to distort the truth.
C) identify people with psychological difficulties.
D) none of these options

Correct Answer

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According to Freud, the personality structure he labelled the superego is matched with which of the following descriptive terms?


A) conscience
B) pleasure principle
C) reality principle
D) self-actualization

Correct Answer

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Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding self-esteem?


A) An individual's sense of self-esteem may be multidimensional.
B) Low self-esteem can be perpetuated by our failures.
C) both of these options are true
D) neither of these options are true

Correct Answer

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An online personality test yields different scores each time Jenny takes it. The test is:


A) reliable.
B) not reliable.
C) predictive.
D) not predictive.

Correct Answer

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__________ refers to wanting to be like another person as much as possible.

Correct Answer

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Which of the following is NOT identified as a disadvantage of the trait approach to personality?


A) Trait approaches are merely descriptions of personality, not explanations.
B) The various trait approaches come to very different conclusions about which traits are the most fundamental and descriptive.
C) Trait approaches do not allow us to compare one person with another.
D) All these are disadvantages.

Correct Answer

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Anastasia is using a statistical procedure to detect the broader relationships among a large number of correlation coefficients. She is performing __________.

Correct Answer

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Task is to self as _________ is to esteem.

Correct Answer

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The belief that your personality is the result of the influence of your unique thought, feelings, expectations, and values as well as your observations of others' behaviour is called the __________approach to personality.


A) interactionist
B) cognitive-behavioural
C) learning
D) social-cognitive

Correct Answer

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Dr. Robinson is a strict Skinnerian learning theorist. Most likely, she believes that the consistency in an individual's behaviour across situations is:


A) genetically determined.
B) learned.
C) determined by an internal personality.
D) cannot be understood.

Correct Answer

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Describe Freud's three components of personality.

Correct Answer

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The MMPI-2 has been normed using:


A) samples of college students only.
B) a single large representative sample of the U.S. population.
C) psychiatric populations.
D) Minnesotans only.

Correct Answer

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Liz yells at her dog after getting a test back that she failed. Which defense mechanism is she using?


A) projection
B) sublimation
C) reaction formation
D) displacement

Correct Answer

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Which trait theorist used factor analysis to determine that there are three dimensions of personality that he called extroversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism?


A) Allport
B) Cattell
C) Eysenck
D) None of these

Correct Answer

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