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An independent contractor is an agent and an employee of the person who hired her.

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Federal law states that employers are not liable for actions of employees based on their use of social media in the workplace.

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A(n) ____ is one whose identity is unknown by the third party at the time when a contract is entered into with an agent.


A) undisclosed principal
B) disclosed principal
C) specific principal
D) legitimate principal
E) clear principal

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When a principal's conduct appears consistent with the existence of an agency relationship, an agency by estoppel may be created.

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The legal document that authorizes a person or a company to act as an agent for a principal is called:


A) power of law
B) power of agency
C) power of attorney
D) power of plaintiff
E) power of principal

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Ratification of an agreement that is required by law to be in writing:


A) need not be in writing
B) must be verbal
C) must be witnessed by a court official
D) must be in writing unless both parties agree that it need not be
E) none of the other choices are correct

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Andrea has been working very hard for her employer, Bill. Two weeks before Andrea is due for a bonus payment, Bill fires her for no reason. Andrea could make a case that:


A) her at-will employment rights have been violated
B) the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing has been violated
C) the express covenant of good faith and fair dealing has been violated
D) Andrea cannot make any kind of case against Bill
E) none of the other choices are correct

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If an agent competes with his principal without the principal's consent:


A) he is violating his duty of loyalty
B) he is violating his duty of cooperation
C) he is violating his duty to reimburse
D) he is violating his duty to play fair
E) he is violating his duty of obedience and performance

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A principal may designate someone to do all acts that can be legally delegated to an agent. That agent is called a general agent.

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A manager who runs all aspects of a hotel is most likely what kind of agent:


A) universal agent
B) special agent
C) gratuitous agent
D) subagent
E) none of the other choices

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____ takes place when the principal behaves as if he has the intent of ratifying an unauthorized agreement.


A) implied ratification
B) real ratification
C) delayed ratification
D) express ratification
E) explicit ratification

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The independent contractor is distinguished by:


A) the extent of the compensation
B) the extent of control the employee retains over work performance
C) the extent of control the employer retains over work performance
D) all of the other specific choices are correct
E) none of the other specific choices are correct

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Which of the following is not a duty owed by the agent to the principal:


A) loyalty
B) reasonable care
C) accounting
D) notification
E) all of the other choices are required

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Employment-at-will:


A) allows employees to quit their jobs for any reason at any time
B) allows employers to discharge employees for any reason at any time subject to contract obligations
C) has been restricted by the courts or legislatures in some states that recognize some public policy limitations on the employer's right to fire an employee
D) a and b
E) a, b and c

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Which of the following can determine the scope of authority given to an agent:


A) statements of the agent
B) the principal's personal relationship with the agent
C) the trade customs in business
D) all of the other specific choices are correct
E) none of the other specific choices are correct

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An employer should be cautious about hiring persons with criminal backgrounds that mean they could pose a threat to others as the employer could be liable for unauthorized torts that occurred on the job.

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____ is the authority given by the principal to the agent.


A) artificial authority
B) actual authority
C) legitimate authority
D) general authority
E) total authority

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Fact Pattern 14-1 Emile owns Emile's Used Car Emporium. Several people work for him at the Emporium. When Emile is gone, he leaves one of his best salespersons, Meg, in charge. Over the years, Emile has given Meg the authority to contract with vendors, negotiate sales, and conclude car sales contracts in his name. One August, Emile takes a long vacation, leaving Meg in charge. While he is gone a hurricane hits Florida where the Emporium is located, causing severe damage. Because Emile is floating down the Amazon, Meg cannot reach him for instructions. She decides that rather than leave the place in shambles, she will hire people to repair the Emporium. Meg hires a carpenter to rebuild a wall that was blown down by the storm. Phil, the carpenter, is busy at work on his scaffold when Meg's Scottish terrier Adam, who she keeps with her at work, plows into the scaffolding while chasing a cat. Phil is knocked off the scaffold and falls ten feet to the ground, suffering a broken leg. -Refer to Fact Pattern 14-1. Meg is Emile's agent. They appear to have created their agency relationship by:


A) a consensual agreement
B) application to the state government
C) executing a power of attorney
D) application of federal laws
E) transgressing the common law

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The duty of loyalty:


A) requires a principal to place the agent's interests before the principal's personal interests or those of any third party
B) refers to the medieval roots of agency law
C) requires the agent to work for only one principal at a time
D) requires the agent to work without compensation if necessary
E) none of the other choices are correct

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A principal is contractually liable to a third party if that party enters into a contract presented by an agent with apparent authority to act for the principal.

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