Question 1

The amygdala is not only involved in emotional behavior, but it also plays a significant role in emotional learning.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which form of amyloid is associated with Alzheimer's and memory failure?

Accepted Answer

A)   water-resistant amyloid
B)   fat-resistant amyloid
C)   insoluble amyloid
D)   soluble amyloid

Question 3

Individuals who show the highest levels of BDNF are ______ likely to develop dementia and Alzheimer's.

Accepted Answer

A)   33% less
B)   33% more
C)   50% less
D)   50% more

Question 4

The CA1 provides the primary input of information to the hippocampus from other brain areas.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Increasing dopamine activity has been shown to be effective ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   both before and after a learning experience
B)   only before a learning experience
C)   only during a learning experience
D)   only after a learning experience

Question 6

Using specific tracers that target plaque in the brain, ______ scans can be used to identify 75-90% of individuals confirmed to have Alzheimer's.

Accepted Answer

A)   MRI
B)   fMRI
C)   PET
D)   CT

Question 7

Despite his amnesia, H.M. demonstrated that he still had ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   declarative memory
B)   nondeclarative memory
C)   episodic memory
D)   semantic memory

Question 8

If you use certain areas of your brain during the day while studying a particular subject or practicing a sport, those same areas are active later during sleep.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following is not one of the ways in which a memory remains stable yet malleable?

Accepted Answer

A)   unlearning
B)   forgetting
C)   reconsolidation
D)   extinction

Question 10

Describe Alzheimer's disease in terms of behavioral and cognitive symptoms and neural characteristics.

Accepted Answer

Alzheimer's disease is the most common c...

Question 11

A procedure that involves ultrasound stimulation to the brain has been shown to clear plaques in a mouse model of Alzheimer's by ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   encouraging enzymes to break down the plaques.
B)   activating the immune system to send proteins to destroy the plaques.
C)   stimulating glia cells to ingest the plaques.
D)   turning off genes responsible for creating the plaques.

Question 12

For memory to be an efficient cognitive ability, there needs to be ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   a balance between remembering and forgetting
B)   slightly more remembering than forgetting
C)   significantly more remembering than forgetting
D)   remembering, but no forgetting

Question 13

What do you think is meant by "plasticity" in the brain?

Accepted Answer

A)   structural changes in the connection between neurons
B)   the capacity to store more information in memory at a time
C)   the rate of firing of the presynaptic neuron
D)   the rate of firing of the postsynaptic neuron

Question 14

How do three of the five approved drug treatments for Alzheimer's in the U.S. work to restore acetylcholine transmission?

Accepted Answer

A)   They cause the neuron to release more of the neurotransmitter.
B)   They prevent the neurotransmitter from being recycled back into the neuron.
C)   They cause the receptors to become more sensitive to the neurotransmitter.
D)   They interfere with the enzyme that breaks down the neurotransmitter at the synapse.

Question 15

In the attempt to discover more effective treatments for Alzheimer's, all of the following main areas are being pursued EXCEPT ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   removing beta amyloid or blocking its formation
B)   preventing tau from forming tangles
C)   reducing inflammation
D)   moderating neurotransmitter release

Question 16

To stimulate an NMDA receptor, you must stimulate it strongly enough to remove a magnesium ion blocking the channel.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Substantial loss of memory and other cognitive abilities is defined as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   amnesia
B)   prosopagnosia
C)   dementia
D)   agnosia

Question 18

Memory is often divided into two main stages: short-term memory and long-term memory

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Based on a projected six-fold increase by the year 2050 in the number of people over 85, it is predicted that the rate of Alzheimer's will almost ______

Accepted Answer

A)   double
B)   triple
C)   quadruple
D)   quintuple

Question 20

Memories are especially vulnerable to change or loss during the process known as reconsolidation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 12: Learning and Memory

Individuals who show the highest levels of BDNF are ______ likely to develop dementia and Alzheimer's.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What do you think is meant by "plasticity" in the brain?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Using specific tracers that target plaque in the brain, ______ scans can be used to identify 75-90% of individuals confirmed to have Alzheimer's.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The amygdala is not only involved in emotional behavior, but it also plays a significant role in emotional learning.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe Alzheimer's disease in terms of behavioral and cognitive symptoms and neural characteristics.

Correct AnswerverifiedAlzheimer's disease is the most common c...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following is not one of the ways in which a memory remains stable yet malleable?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on a projected six-fold increase by the year 2050 in the number of people over 85, it is predicted that the rate of Alzheimer's will almost ______

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Memories are especially vulnerable to change or loss during the process known as reconsolidation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Substantial loss of memory and other cognitive abilities is defined as ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A procedure that involves ultrasound stimulation to the brain has been shown to clear plaques in a mouse model of Alzheimer's by ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Memory is often divided into two main stages: short-term memory and long-term memory

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which form of amyloid is associated with Alzheimer's and memory failure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The CA1 provides the primary input of information to the hippocampus from other brain areas.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the attempt to discover more effective treatments for Alzheimer's, all of the following main areas are being pursued EXCEPT ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you use certain areas of your brain during the day while studying a particular subject or practicing a sport, those same areas are active later during sleep.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do three of the five approved drug treatments for Alzheimer's in the U.S. work to restore acetylcholine transmission?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For memory to be an efficient cognitive ability, there needs to be ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Despite his amnesia, H.M. demonstrated that he still had ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To stimulate an NMDA receptor, you must stimulate it strongly enough to remove a magnesium ion blocking the channel.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Increasing dopamine activity has been shown to be effective ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Alzheimer's disease is the most common c...
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