Question 1

A normative ethical theory involves a moral judgment, evaluation, or justification.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

James Rachels argues that there are no culture-neutral moral standards.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Ruth Benedict states that morality is culturally defined.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Naturalism holds the viewpoint that

Accepted Answer

A)   there is no ultimate moral foundation for our laws because they are based on mere consensus.
B)   laws reflect or ought to reflect a set of universal moral standards that apply to all people.
C)   some laws are contextual and relative and others reflect universal moral standards.
D)   laws reflect or ought to reflect values found throughout all of nature and the animal kingdom.

Question 5

Suppose a mother is part of a community that generally supports the idea that both parents should work and contribute to a middle-class standard of living. Furthermore, she is also part of a religious community that believes that mothers should remain at home and raise children even if it means having a lower standard of living. According to the theory of ethical relativism, which of the following should the mother do?

Accepted Answer

A)   She should work because she would be following the moral conventions of the larger, more inclusive culture.
B)   She should stay at home because that would allow her to follow the moral conventions of her religion, which trumps all other groups.
C)   She can choose to either work or stay at home because she will be moral in either case. She would still be following the moral conventions of at least one of the groups.
D)   Ethical relativism fails to say what she should do because she is a member of two different cultures with conflicting moral values. This illustrates one of the shortcomings of ethical relativism.

Question 6

Which of the following is the culturally sensitive topic of Alice Walker's narrative Possessing the Secret of Joy?

Accepted Answer

A)   female infanticide
B)   male circumcision
C)   female circumcision
D)   euthanasia

Question 7

One of the arguments against ethical relativism is that the theory does not distinguish between the actual morality and the professed morality of a culture.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Explain why it is illogical to say that the claims made by ethical relativism are correct and at the same time that everybody ought to tolerate the moral views and traditions of other cultures.

Accepted Answer

It is illogical to say that the claims m...

Question 9

Ruth Benedict tells of the Northwest Coast Indians that when the chief's sister died the tribe set out to find the culprits who killed her and kill them.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following best describes Barbara Kingsolver's novel The Poisonwood Bible?

Accepted Answer

A)   an argument against ethical relativism
B)   an argument in favor of ethical relativism
C)   an argument in favor of hard universalism
D)   an argument in favor of moral nihilism

Question 11

Hard universalism is the theory that we are each entitled to our own moral opinion and that there is no universal moral code.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Explain how Alice Walker's novel Possessing the Secret of Joy can be viewed as an attack on ethical relativism. How might an ethical relativist respond to Alice Walker's attack?

Accepted Answer

Alice Walker's novel Possessing the Secr...

Question 13

If one is to follow the idea of ethical relativism to its logical conclusion, then we would have no right to criticize or praise other cultures. Do you agree with this outcome? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

I do not agree with this outcome. While ...

Question 14

People in some cultures feel that it is their moral obligation to dispose of their seniors when they become unproductive.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

What are the three values that were considered universal by James Rachels? Can you think of any others?

Accepted Answer

James Rachels, an American philosopher s...

Question 16

Soft universalism claims there are some core values that all cultures share.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Describe the theory of ethical relativism and illustrate it with an example from the text.

Accepted Answer

Ethical relativism is the theory that et...

Question 18

Which of the following is a similarity between moral subjectivism and ethical relativism?

Accepted Answer

A)   They view moral values as relative.
B)   They have excellent problem-solving capacities.
C)   They force us to bow to majority rule.
D)   They have nothing in common.

Question 19

Cultural relativism is a normative theory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Induction is a problem for ethical relativism because

Accepted Answer

A)   induction persuades people to think for themselves instead of following cultural norms.
B)   with induction it can never be known for certain whether enough material has been accumulated to conclude that there are no universal moral values.
C)   according to induction the key argument proposed by ethical relativism is faulty.
D)   induction does not distinguish between actual and professed morality.

Exam 3: Ethical Relativism

Soft universalism claims there are some core values that all cultures share.

Correct Answer
verified

If one is to follow the idea of ethical relativism to its logical conclusion, then we would have no right to criticize or praise other cultures. Do you agree with this outcome? Why or why not?

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
I do not agree with this outcome. While ...
View Answer

Hard universalism is the theory that we are each entitled to our own moral opinion and that there is no universal moral code.

Correct Answer
verified

People in some cultures feel that it is their moral obligation to dispose of their seniors when they become unproductive.

Correct Answer
verified

James Rachels argues that there are no culture-neutral moral standards.

Correct Answer
verified

What are the three values that were considered universal by James Rachels? Can you think of any others?

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
James Rachels, an American philosopher s...
View Answer

Which of the following is the culturally sensitive topic of Alice Walker's narrative Possessing the Secret of Joy?

Correct Answer
verified

Cultural relativism is a normative theory.

Correct Answer
verified

A normative ethical theory involves a moral judgment, evaluation, or justification.

Correct Answer
verified

Naturalism holds the viewpoint that

Correct Answer
verified

Induction is a problem for ethical relativism because

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following best describes Barbara Kingsolver's novel The Poisonwood Bible?

Correct Answer
verified

Ruth Benedict tells of the Northwest Coast Indians that when the chief's sister died the tribe set out to find the culprits who killed her and kill them.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Ruth Benedict states that morality is culturally defined.

Correct Answer
verified

Describe the theory of ethical relativism and illustrate it with an example from the text.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Ethical relativism is the theory that et...
View Answer

One of the arguments against ethical relativism is that the theory does not distinguish between the actual morality and the professed morality of a culture.

Correct Answer
verified

Explain why it is illogical to say that the claims made by ethical relativism are correct and at the same time that everybody ought to tolerate the moral views and traditions of other cultures.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
It is illogical to say that the claims m...
View Answer

Which of the following is a similarity between moral subjectivism and ethical relativism?

Correct Answer
verified

Explain how Alice Walker's novel Possessing the Secret of Joy can be viewed as an attack on ethical relativism. How might an ethical relativist respond to Alice Walker's attack?

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Alice Walker's novel Possessing the Secr...
View Answer

Exam 3: Ethical Relativism

Soft universalism claims there are some core values that all cultures share.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If one is to follow the idea of ethical relativism to its logical conclusion, then we would have no right to criticize or praise other cultures. Do you agree with this outcome? Why or why not?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AII do not agree with this outcome. While ...View AnswerShow Answer

Hard universalism is the theory that we are each entitled to our own moral opinion and that there is no universal moral code.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People in some cultures feel that it is their moral obligation to dispose of their seniors when they become unproductive.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

James Rachels argues that there are no culture-neutral moral standards.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the three values that were considered universal by James Rachels? Can you think of any others?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIJames Rachels, an American philosopher s...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following is the culturally sensitive topic of Alice Walker's narrative Possessing the Secret of Joy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cultural relativism is a normative theory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A normative ethical theory involves a moral judgment, evaluation, or justification.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Naturalism holds the viewpoint that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Induction is a problem for ethical relativism because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following best describes Barbara Kingsolver's novel The Poisonwood Bible?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ruth Benedict tells of the Northwest Coast Indians that when the chief's sister died the tribe set out to find the culprits who killed her and kill them.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ruth Benedict states that morality is culturally defined.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the theory of ethical relativism and illustrate it with an example from the text.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIEthical relativism is the theory that et...View AnswerShow Answer

One of the arguments against ethical relativism is that the theory does not distinguish between the actual morality and the professed morality of a culture.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain why it is illogical to say that the claims made by ethical relativism are correct and at the same time that everybody ought to tolerate the moral views and traditions of other cultures.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIIt is illogical to say that the claims m...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following is a similarity between moral subjectivism and ethical relativism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain how Alice Walker's novel Possessing the Secret of Joy can be viewed as an attack on ethical relativism. How might an ethical relativist respond to Alice Walker's attack?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIAlice Walker's novel Possessing the Secr...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
I do not agree with this outcome. While ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
James Rachels, an American philosopher s...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Ethical relativism is the theory that et...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
It is illogical to say that the claims m...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Alice Walker's novel Possessing the Secr...
View Answer