Question 1

_______________ rejects the assumptions of free will and rational choice.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______________ rejects the assumptions of free will...

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT an element of the deterrence framework?

Accepted Answer

A)   Severity
B)   Somatotyping
C)   Swiftness
D)   Certainty

Question 3

Classical theory forms the logical foundation for contemporary rational choice theory?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Beccaria believed that maximizing certainty and swiftness is more important than increasing the severity of punishments because the latter may result in irrational brutality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Match the sociological ideas to its description.
-Deterrence Theory

Accepted Answer

A)   One of the oldest explanations of crime that continues to influence law and social control in society
B)   People's sacrifice of some personal freedom in exchange for governmental protection
C)   Revised version of classical theory that emphasizes deterrence and punishment
D)   Prevention of a certain act or acts

Question 6

What was the conclusion drawn from Martinson's 1974 report?

Accepted Answer

A)   Deterrence works
B)   Rehabilitation works
C)   Nothing works
D)   Incapacitation works

Question 7

Match the sociological ideas to its description.
-Social Contract

Accepted Answer

A)   One of the oldest explanations of crime that continues to influence law and social control in society
B)   People's sacrifice of some personal freedom in exchange for governmental protection
C)   Revised version of classical theory that emphasizes deterrence and punishment
D)   Prevention of a certain act or acts

Question 8

How is it that classical theory constitutes one of the oldest yet also one of the most contemporary explanations for crime?

Accepted Answer

• Derives from ideas and writings of ear...

Question 9

Classical theory derives from ideas and writings of early ________ philosophy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Classical theory derives from ideas and writings...

Question 10

Identify and describe the three characteristics that determine the deterrent effectiveness of a punishment. Also, identify which of the characteristics, if any, hold more importance than the others.

Accepted Answer

• Certainty-probability that this misdeed will be detected and punished
• Celerity-the swiftness with which punishment follows the criminal deed
• Severity-the painfulness or unpleasantness of the punishing outcome
• To achieve maximum deterrence, a punishment needs to be unpleasant, certain, and swift
• Maximizing certainty and swiftness is more important for deterrence than severity 
• Prioritizing severity may result in irrational brutality and have counterproductive effects on crime, inviting defiance, revenge, and even martyrdom

Question 11

Beccaria failed to recognize or expand upon the importance of what, regarding deterrence?

Accepted Answer

A)   The distinctions between motivation and free will in the model of human nature
B)   The critical role of perceptions as the subjective basis of deterrence
C)   Reducing recidivism (specific deterrence)  v. reducing crime rates (general deterrence) 
D)   Supportive empirical studies v. those which were ambiguous or inconclusive

Question 12

Punishing an offender for a DUI by sentencing him/her to 30 days in jail is trying to realize what goal?

Accepted Answer

A)   General deterrence
B)   Restorative justice
C)   Specific deterrence
D)   None of the above C

Question 13

Which philosopher believed that the function of the criminal law should be social harm prevention rather than moral retribution?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hobbes
B)   Bentham
C)   Beccaria
D)   Voltaire

Question 14

_______________ deterrence focuses on reducing crime rates versus individual recidivism.

Accepted Answer

General

Question 15

Anecdotal studies are those which rely upon interviews and the like.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Deterrence is based on a model of human nature that emphasizes irrationality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which of the following concepts relates to recognizing environmental and biological restraints on decision-making?

Accepted Answer

A)   Soft determinism
B)   Bounded free will
C)   Labeling
D)   Hedonism

Question 18

Classical theory is NOT a viable and/or useful theory for explaining many crime patterns, and should certainly not be used to develop any crime control policies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which movement corresponded with scientific advances in biology, botany, and other medical sciences?

Accepted Answer

A)   Deterrence
B)   Positivist
C)   Marxist
D)   Classical

Question 20

Explain the idea of deterrence as Beccaria conceived of it, and what points you think make up the strengths/weaknesses of those ideas.

Accepted Answer

• Rational human nature
• Enlightened ju...

Exam 2: Classical and Neoclassical Criminology

_______________ rejects the assumptions of free will and rational choice.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is NOT an element of the deterrence framework?

Correct Answer
verified

Classical theory forms the logical foundation for contemporary rational choice theory?

Correct Answer
verified

Beccaria believed that maximizing certainty and swiftness is more important than increasing the severity of punishments because the latter may result in irrational brutality.

Correct Answer
verified

Match the sociological ideas to its description. -Deterrence Theory

Correct Answer
verified

What was the conclusion drawn from Martinson's 1974 report?

Correct Answer
verified

Match the sociological ideas to its description. -Social Contract

Correct Answer
verified

How is it that classical theory constitutes one of the oldest yet also one of the most contemporary explanations for crime?

Correct Answer
verified
• Derives from ideas and writings of ear...
View Answer

Classical theory derives from ideas and writings of early ________ philosophy.

Correct Answer
verified

Identify and describe the three characteristics that determine the deterrent effectiveness of a punishment. Also, identify which of the characteristics, if any, hold more importance than the others.

Beccaria failed to recognize or expand upon the importance of what, regarding deterrence?

Correct Answer
verified

Punishing an offender for a DUI by sentencing him/her to 30 days in jail is trying to realize what goal?

Correct Answer
verified
C

Which philosopher believed that the function of the criminal law should be social harm prevention rather than moral retribution?

Correct Answer
verified

_______________ deterrence focuses on reducing crime rates versus individual recidivism.

Correct Answer
verified
General

Anecdotal studies are those which rely upon interviews and the like.

Correct Answer
verified

Deterrence is based on a model of human nature that emphasizes irrationality.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following concepts relates to recognizing environmental and biological restraints on decision-making?

Correct Answer
verified

Classical theory is NOT a viable and/or useful theory for explaining many crime patterns, and should certainly not be used to develop any crime control policies.

Correct Answer
verified

Which movement corresponded with scientific advances in biology, botany, and other medical sciences?

Correct Answer
verified

Explain the idea of deterrence as Beccaria conceived of it, and what points you think make up the strengths/weaknesses of those ideas.

Correct Answer
verified
• Rational human nature
• Enlightened ju...
View Answer

Exam 2: Classical and Neoclassical Criminology

_______________ rejects the assumptions of free will and rational choice.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT an element of the deterrence framework?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Classical theory forms the logical foundation for contemporary rational choice theory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Beccaria believed that maximizing certainty and swiftness is more important than increasing the severity of punishments because the latter may result in irrational brutality.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the sociological ideas to its description. -Deterrence Theory

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What was the conclusion drawn from Martinson's 1974 report?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the sociological ideas to its description. -Social Contract

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How is it that classical theory constitutes one of the oldest yet also one of the most contemporary explanations for crime?

Correct Answerverified• Derives from ideas and writings of ear...View AnswerShow Answer

Classical theory derives from ideas and writings of early ________ philosophy.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify and describe the three characteristics that determine the deterrent effectiveness of a punishment. Also, identify which of the characteristics, if any, hold more importance than the others.

Beccaria failed to recognize or expand upon the importance of what, regarding deterrence?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Punishing an offender for a DUI by sentencing him/her to 30 days in jail is trying to realize what goal?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Which philosopher believed that the function of the criminal law should be social harm prevention rather than moral retribution?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_______________ deterrence focuses on reducing crime rates versus individual recidivism.

Correct AnswerverifiedGeneral

Anecdotal studies are those which rely upon interviews and the like.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Deterrence is based on a model of human nature that emphasizes irrationality.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following concepts relates to recognizing environmental and biological restraints on decision-making?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Classical theory is NOT a viable and/or useful theory for explaining many crime patterns, and should certainly not be used to develop any crime control policies.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which movement corresponded with scientific advances in biology, botany, and other medical sciences?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain the idea of deterrence as Beccaria conceived of it, and what points you think make up the strengths/weaknesses of those ideas.

Correct Answerverified• Rational human nature• Enlightened ju...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
• Derives from ideas and writings of ear...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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C

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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General

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
• Rational human nature
• Enlightened ju...
View Answer