Question 1

The nuclide with the formula  is best described as

Accepted Answer

A)   stable.
B)   containing 81 neutrons and having a mass number of 205.
C)   containing 205 protons and 81 neutrons.
D)   containing 81 neutrons and 124 protons.
E)   containing 124 neutrons and 81 protons.

Question 2

Which of the following is not a fusion reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)   1H + 1H  →\rarr→  2He +  β\betaβ 
B)   1H + 12C  →\rarr→  14N
C)   13C + 4He  →\rarr→  16O + 1n
D)   235U + 1n  →\rarr→  153Nd + 81Ge + 3 1n
E)   56Fe + 1n  →\rarr→  57Co +  β\betaβ

Question 3

Why do fission products tend to be radioactive?

Accepted Answer

A)   They have excess electrons.
B)   They have excess protons.
C)   The neutron to proton ratio is high.
D)   The neutron to proton ratio is low.
E)   They emit gamma rays.

Question 4

Which unstable species decays with the emission of an alpha and a gamma particle to form 222Rn?(If needed, use the following equation: 222Rn?(If needed, use the following equation:     )  A)  226Po B)  226Fr C)  226Ra D)  224Ra E)  224Po " class="answers-bank-image d-inline" rel="preload" > 222Rn?(If needed, use the following equation:     )  A)  226Po B)  226Fr C)  226Ra D)  224Ra E)  224Po " class="answers-bank-image d-inline" rel="preload" > )

Accepted Answer

A)   226Po
B)   226Fr
C)   226Ra
D)   224Ra
E)   224Po

Question 5

Neutron bombardment of nuclei typically requires lower energies than proton bombardment of nuclei. The energy difference is because

Accepted Answer

A)   the strong nuclear force has a stronger attraction for the neutron.
B)   gravity acts more strongly on the neutron.
C)   the proton is attracted to the electron cloud.
D)   the proton is repelled by the nucleus.
E)   the electron cloud gives the proton a spiraling approach.

Question 6

A cyclotron could not be used to accelerate which of the following particles?

Accepted Answer

A)   electron
B)   proton
C)    α\alphaα  particle
D)   neutron
E)   11B5+  D

Question 7

The nuclide with the formula  is best described as

Accepted Answer

A)   containing 136 neutrons and 87 protons.
B)   containing 87 neutrons and having a mass number of 223.
C)   containing 223 electrons and 87 protons.
D)   containing 87 neutrons and 136 protons.
E)   stable.

Question 8

Melvin Calvin received a Noble Prize for unravelling the reaction sequence of the production of sugar in plants. How was he able to do this?

Accepted Answer

A)   using tritium to slow the reactions down
B)   taking multiple x-rays as a plant is growing
C)   using a radioactive tracer to follow the carbon throughout the plant
D)   growing a plant by only using human breath
E)   using Carbon-14 dating

Question 9

Successful operation of fission power plant requires

Accepted Answer

A)   a fuel that will spontaneously decay via a radioactive process.
B)   a moderator component to absorb neutrons and control the rate of the nuclear reactions.
C)   a steam generator/turbine component that is fundamentally different than that found in coal driven power plants.
D)   enriched grade uranium fuel.
E)   a control component to limit the number neutrons available to trigger fission reactions. E

Question 10

Which of the following are differences between a nuclear reactor and a nuclear fission weapon?

Accepted Answer

A)   The neutron recapture ratio.
B)   The type of fuel.
C)   The method of concentrating the fuel.
D)   b and c
E)   The kind of nuclear reaction occurring. A

Question 11

Calculate the binding energy per mole of nucleons for the boron isotope with mass of 12.0143 amu.(If needed, use the following equations: E = mc2   \quad  c = 3.0 x 108m/s   \quad  E =   Δ\DeltaΔ  m(8.988 x 1010 kJ/g) massproton = 1.007276 g/mol massneutron = 1.008665 g/mol masselectron = 0.0005486)

Accepted Answer

A)   -1.537 x 109 kJ/mol
B)   -6.404 x 108 kJ/mol
C)   6.404 x 108 kJ/mol
D)   1.736 x 1010 kJ/mol
E)   -7.685 x 108 kJ/mol

Question 12

Positron emission and electron capture cannot be directly observed, but are indirectly observed by the

Accepted Answer

A)   emission of visible light.
B)   capture of the particles.
C)   observation of high-energy electromagnetic radiation.
D)   change in mass of the nuclide.
E)   increase in half-life of the daughter nuclide.

Question 13

What is the primary cause of biological damage from radioactive emissions?

Accepted Answer

A)   genetic mutation
B)   loss of body fluids
C)   sunburn from hair loss
D)   ionization of molecules
E)   opportunistic infection

Question 14

Radiation treatment for cancer is effective because

Accepted Answer

A)   cancer cells absorb more radiation than normal cells.
B)   radioactive isotopes bind to tumours.
C)   radiation has deleterious effects on rapidly dividing cells.
D)   radiation can be precisely focused on cancerous cells.
E)   it is less costly than other treatments.

Question 15

Nuclei that lie below the belt of stability generally decay by

Accepted Answer

A)     α\alphaα   emission.
B)     β\betaβ  emission.
C)   electron capture.
D)   x-ray emission.
E)     γ\gammaγ   emission.

Question 16

Nuclei that lie above the belt of stability generally decay by

Accepted Answer

A)     α\alphaα   emission.
B)     β\betaβ   emission.
C)   electron capture.
D)   positron emission.
E)     γ\gammaγ  emission.

Question 17

Which of the following is not a characteristic of fission reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)   Only a few nuclides undergo fission.
B)   Fission produces large amounts of energy.
C)   Fission gives only a few nuclides as products.
D)   Fission products are often radioactive.
E)   Fission products always include one or more neutrons.

Question 18

Shielding is an important aspect of working with radioactive materials. Which of the following is the order of radiation type in order of increasing penetration?

Accepted Answer

A)    α\alphaα ,  β\betaβ ,  γ\gammaγ 
B)    β\betaβ   α\alphaα , γ\gammaγ 
C)    γ\gammaγ ,  β\betaβ ,  α\alphaα 
D)    β\betaβ ,  γ\gammaγ ,  α\alphaα 
E)    α\alphaα ,  γ\gammaγ ,  β\betaβ

Question 19

The main impediment to fusion

Accepted Answer

A)   is the fact that these are first-order reactions, so they are kinetically slow.
B)   fusion occurs only for a few very rare nuclides.
C)   reacting nuclei must have high kinetic energies to penetrate electron clouds.
D)   the fusion products are often radioactive.
E)   reacting nuclei must have high kinetic energies to overcome electrical repulsion between positive particles.

Question 20

64Ni and a positron are formed when which unstable species decays?(If needed, use the following equation: 64Ni and a positron are formed when which unstable species decays?(If needed, use the following equation:     )  A)  64Co B)  64Cu C)  65Co D)  65Cu E)  63Co " class="answers-bank-image d-inline" rel="preload" > 64Ni and a positron are formed when which unstable species decays?(If needed, use the following equation:     )  A)  64Co B)  64Cu C)  65Co D)  65Cu E)  63Co " class="answers-bank-image d-inline" rel="preload" > )

Accepted Answer

A)   64Co
B)   64Cu
C)   65Co
D)   65Cu
E)   63Co

Exam 21: Nuclear Chemistry and Radiochemistry

The nuclide with the formula is best described as

Correct Answer
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Which of the following is not a fusion reaction?

Correct Answer
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Why do fission products tend to be radioactive?

Correct Answer
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Which unstable species decays with the emission of an alpha and a gamma particle to form ²²²Rn?(If needed, use the following equation: )

Correct Answer
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Neutron bombardment of nuclei typically requires lower energies than proton bombardment of nuclei. The energy difference is because

Correct Answer
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A cyclotron could not be used to accelerate which of the following particles?

Correct Answer
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D

The nuclide with the formula is best described as

Correct Answer
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Melvin Calvin received a Noble Prize for unravelling the reaction sequence of the production of sugar in plants. How was he able to do this?

Correct Answer
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Successful operation of fission power plant requires

Correct Answer
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E

Which of the following are differences between a nuclear reactor and a nuclear fission weapon?

Correct Answer
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A

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Positron emission and electron capture cannot be directly observed, but are indirectly observed by the

Correct Answer
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What is the primary cause of biological damage from radioactive emissions?

Correct Answer
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Radiation treatment for cancer is effective because

Correct Answer
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Nuclei that lie below the belt of stability generally decay by

Correct Answer
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Nuclei that lie above the belt of stability generally decay by

Correct Answer
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Which of the following is not a characteristic of fission reactions?

Correct Answer
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Shielding is an important aspect of working with radioactive materials. Which of the following is the order of radiation type in order of increasing penetration?

Correct Answer
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The main impediment to fusion

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⁶⁴Ni and a positron are formed when which unstable species decays?(If needed, use the following equation: )

Correct Answer
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Exam 21: Nuclear Chemistry and Radiochemistry

The nuclide with the formula is best described as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a fusion reaction?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why do fission products tend to be radioactive?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which unstable species decays with the emission of an alpha and a gamma particle to form 222Rn?(If needed, use the following equation: )

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Neutron bombardment of nuclei typically requires lower energies than proton bombardment of nuclei. The energy difference is because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A cyclotron could not be used to accelerate which of the following particles?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

The nuclide with the formula is best described as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Melvin Calvin received a Noble Prize for unravelling the reaction sequence of the production of sugar in plants. How was he able to do this?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Successful operation of fission power plant requires

Correct AnswerverifiedE

Which of the following are differences between a nuclear reactor and a nuclear fission weapon?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Calculate the binding energy per mole of nucleons for the boron isotope with mass of 12.0143 amu.(If needed, use the following equations: E = mc2 \quad c = 3.0 x 108m/s \quad E = Δ\DeltaΔ m(8.988 x 1010 kJ/g) massproton = 1.007276 g/mol massneutron = 1.008665 g/mol masselectron = 0.0005486)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Positron emission and electron capture cannot be directly observed, but are indirectly observed by the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the primary cause of biological damage from radioactive emissions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Radiation treatment for cancer is effective because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nuclei that lie below the belt of stability generally decay by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nuclei that lie above the belt of stability generally decay by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a characteristic of fission reactions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Shielding is an important aspect of working with radioactive materials. Which of the following is the order of radiation type in order of increasing penetration?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The main impediment to fusion

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

64Ni and a positron are formed when which unstable species decays?(If needed, use the following equation: )

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Which unstable species decays with the emission of an alpha and a gamma particle to form ²²²Rn?(If needed, use the following equation: )

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D

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E

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A

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⁶⁴Ni and a positron are formed when which unstable species decays?(If needed, use the following equation: )

Correct Answer
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