Question 1

Which is TRUE of Gestalt psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)   Early Gestalt psychologists studied problem solving
B)   The "whole" perspective makes it easier to accept their research at face value.
C)   The effectiveness of the reductionist approach inherent in Gestalt problem-solving research could not be relied upon to produce valuable insights.
D)   The definition of "goal" as the desired end-point or solution of the problem-solving activity is problematic.

Question 2

In children, insights:

Accepted Answer

A)   Rarely occur
B)   Are unconscious at first and become conscious later
C)   Are always consciously thought out
D)   Are conscious at first, but then are forgotten

Question 3

The part of Anderson's ACT model that deals with knowledge of how to do something (e.g., ride a bike) is called ________.

Accepted Answer

PROCEDURAL...

Question 4

In problem solving, a ________ is an intermediate goal that must be achieved to reach a final goal.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In problem solving, a ________ is an...

Question 5

Which is true of increasing domain knowledge?

Accepted Answer

A)   A person with only limited knowledge of a topic is very able to solve problems efficiently in that domain.
B)   Chess masters need to really study a chess board for a long time to remember where all the (legally located)  pieces are.
C)   Extensive domain knowledge leads to the development of expertise.
D)   Developing inferences will allow us to break a large problem into separate subgoals.

Question 6

In the 15 pennies problem:

Accepted Answer

A)   You should work backwards
B)   You should work forwards
C)   You should draw a diagram
D)   You should search for contradictions

Question 7

In problem solving, when people cannot think of any but the customary uses for objects and tools, it illustrates:

Accepted Answer

A)   Functional fixedness
B)   Conditional reasoning
C)   Syllogistic reasoning
D)   Means-end analysis

Question 8

A sudden deep understanding of the nature of a difficult problem:

Accepted Answer

A)   Problem space
B)   Insight
C)   Subgoal
D)   General problem solver

Question 9

Of the problems discussed in the textbook, which does illustrates negative set?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hobbits & orcs problem
B)   Missionaries & cannibals problem
C)   Water jug problem
D)   Tower of Hanoi

Question 10

Considering how a current problem resembles one you've already solved involves:

Accepted Answer

A)   Finding a different problem representation
B)   Searching for relations among problems
C)   Drawing inferences
D)   Searching for contradictions

Question 11

Which of the following will help improve problem solving?

Accepted Answer

A)   Use the availability heuristic
B)   Use a negative set
C)   Search for contradictions
D)   Use the representational heuristic

Question 12

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Satisficing hinders the ability to find a solution to a goal or subgoal.
B)   An initially "satisfactory" solution to a problem often turns out to be unhelpful.
C)   Deficiencies in what was thought to be satisfactory achievement of a subgoal may be illustrated as work progresses on attaining the next subgoal.
D)   "Rough drafts" in the context of satisficing are restricted to establishing "production rules" for production models.

Question 13

Which should help improve problem solving?

Accepted Answer

A)   Increase domain knowledge
B)   Follow a very flexible plan
C)   Always work forwards
D)   Avoid Inferences

Question 14

A person who has only limited knowledge of a topic has:

Accepted Answer

A)   Poor domain knowledge
B)   Poor procedural knowledge
C)   Poor working memory
D)   Poor insight

Question 15

The ________ theory predicts how people use analogies in problem solving and what factors govern the analogies people construct.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________ theory predicts how people use...

Question 16

Which of the following does the textbook describe as the most important component of Anderson's ACT architecture?

Accepted Answer

A)   Production memory
B)   The structure of the problem
C)   Declarative memory
D)   A legal move or operation that can occur during the solution of a problem

Question 17

An important distinction between verbal knowledge and procedural knowledge involves verbalization.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following is most likely to free working memory so it can be used for higher-level subgoals?

Accepted Answer

A)   Automate some components of the problem-solving solution
B)   Use analogies
C)   Follow a systematic plan
D)   Work backwards

Question 19

Describe and discuss the two main difficulties in problem solving that are outlined in the textbook. Use some examples from the textbook to strengthen your discussion.

Accepted Answer

The main difficulties are func...

Question 20

Neuropsychological research supports which of the following claims:

Accepted Answer

A)   Right frontal involvement in solving problems by analogy
B)   Right parietal involvement in solving problems by analogy
C)   Right hemisphere involvement in solving insight problems involving semantic memory
D)   A hypothalamic pathway used for solving insight problems involving semantic memory

Exam 12: Problem Solving

A sudden deep understanding of the nature of a difficult problem:

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In problem solving, a ________ is an intermediate goal that must be achieved to reach a final goal.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An important distinction between verbal knowledge and procedural knowledge involves verbalization.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is true of increasing domain knowledge?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Considering how a current problem resembles one you've already solved involves:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of the problems discussed in the textbook, which does illustrates negative set?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The part of Anderson's ACT model that deals with knowledge of how to do something (e.g., ride a bike) is called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedPROCEDURAL...View AnswerShow Answer

Which is TRUE of Gestalt psychology?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Neuropsychological research supports which of the following claims:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following will help improve problem solving?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which should help improve problem solving?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the 15 pennies problem:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is most likely to free working memory so it can be used for higher-level subgoals?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In children, insights:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe and discuss the two main difficulties in problem solving that are outlined in the textbook. Use some examples from the textbook to strengthen your discussion.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe main difficulties are func...View AnswerShow Answer

In problem solving, when people cannot think of any but the customary uses for objects and tools, it illustrates:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person who has only limited knowledge of a topic has:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following does the textbook describe as the most important component of Anderson's ACT architecture?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ________ theory predicts how people use analogies in problem solving and what factors govern the analogies people construct.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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PROCEDURAL...
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The main difficulties are func...
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