A) Clans within the same tribe almost never engaged in warfare, but violence between different tribes was common.
B) Arabic society was too mobile to result in many contacts between clans, therefore violence was minimal.
C) Inter-clan violence over control of water and pasturage was common.
D) Inter-clan violence was regulated by a universally recognized code of law imposed by the Quraysh in Mecca.
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A) He fled because of the threat of assassination in Mecca
B) He fled because he was invited to mediate a dispute between the tribes of Medina
C) Muhammad fled from Mecca with nearly one quarter of the city?s population
D) Once in Medina he attracted new followers to his faith
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A) Muhammad specifically stated that Islam could only be spread among the Arabs.
B) They would have had to share their booty and would have lost tax revenues.
C) They lacked the political organization to govern them and feared insurrection by non-Arabs.
D) Conversion would have slowed down the process of conquest.
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A) A confession of faith
B) Hajj
C) Zakat
D) Pilgrimage to Medina
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A) The Abbasids continued to develop absolutism in such a fashion that they controlled a large portion of Eurasia.
B) Non-Arab peoples, particularly the Turks who had converted to Islam, increasingly dominated political life.
C) Successive defeats of the Abbasids by the Byzantine empire led to the collapse of the dynasty and the emergence of a Greek hegemony.
D) Eventually the Persian influence in the Abbasid empire resulted in the removal of the capital to Merv and the rise of a purely Persian dynasty.
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A) The final defeat of the Byzantine empire
B) The admission of the mawali as full members of the Islamic community
C) The destruction of absolutism within Islamic government
D) The destruction of Sunni influences within Islam
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A) The bedouins constructed numerous temple complexes featuring monumental architecture in the form of pyramids.
B) Although their nomadic lifestyle did not permit the development of monumental architectural forms, the bedouins were skilled painters and sculptors.
C) Mecca was a major center for the development of art and architecture, but the desert bedouin produced little of cultural value.
D) Except in the sedentary agricultural communities of the south, there was little art or architecture; and the chief focus of cultural creativity was oral poetry.
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A) Hashim.
B) bedouin.
C) mawali.
D) ayan.
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A) Muhammad accepted the earlier Christian revelations, but rejected completely any influence from Judaism.
B) Muhammad accepted the earlier Judaic revelations, but rejected completely any influence from Christianity.
C) Muhammad accepted the validity of earlier Christian and Judaic revelations and taught that his own revelations were a final refinement and reformulation of earlier ones.
D) Muhammad stressed that only his own revelations had merit and that others were works of the devil.
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A) Baghdad.
B) Merv.
C) Constantinople.
D) Damascus.
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A) It kept population down in a region that could support few people.
B) It weakened the bedouin in comparison to neighboring peoples and empires.
C) It allowed for intermarriage between clan groups, thus preventing social isolation.
D) It prevented mobility and migration that would have debilitated efforts at more complex social organization.
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Both were essentially absolutist in stru...View Answer
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A) Umayyad
B) Abbasid
C) Almoravid
D) Banu Hashim
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A) They regarded him as a threat to their wealth and power as he questioned the traditional gods of the Ka?ba.
B) They sought to protect him from a plot on his life by the Banu Hashim.
C) The Umayyads immediately accepted Muhammad as their religious and political leader and the chief power in Mecca.
D) The Umayyads simply ignored Muhammad as an insignificant member of a powerless clan.
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A) Muhammad?s declared aim to destroy Medina.
B) the development of a new religion under Muhammad?s direction.
C) the growing power of Medina.
D) the new faith threatened to supplant the gods of the Ka?ba.
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A) The Muslims were able to recover and preserve the works of the ancient philosophers as well as transmit from one civilization to another.
B) The Muslims became extraordinarily adept at portraiture, focusing on depictions of Muhammad and the early Caliphs.
C) Although the material culture of the Abbasid period remained poor, Muslims were able to make some advances in music.
D) Islamic learning was necessarily unique, as they had no access to the ancient traditions of philosophy and science.
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A) Abbasid bureaucrats
B) African slaves
C) Free artisans
D) A rural landholding elite
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Muhammad never specified a principle of ...View Answer
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A) Bedouin herders lived in kin-related clan groups.
B) Bedouins lived in highly mobile tent encampments.
C) Clans were commonly congregated together in larger tribal groupings.
D) Arabian society fostered strong dependence on loyalty and cooperation with kin.
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A) Bedouin
B) Urban
C) Sedentary agricultural villages
D) Hunting and gathering
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