Question 1

According to Collins and Quillian's model, to which of the statements below is confirmation likely to be the FASTEST?

Accepted Answer

A)   "A salmon is a fish."
B)   "A salmon swims upstream to lay eggs."
C)   "A salmon has gills."
D)   "A salmon can move around."
E)   "A salmon has fins."

Question 2

A person's vocabulary is more sensitive to his or her home environment than are other kinds of specific intellectual abilities.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The information-processing approach to the study of intelligence is based on research that investigates the types of skills that people use to think and to solve different kinds of problems.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Spearman described the g factor as being made up of

Accepted Answer

A)   qualitative principles of cognition.
B)   specific primary components.
C)   eduction of experience.
D)   all of the above.
E)   none of the above.

Question 5

People who have damaged parietal lobes often have

Accepted Answer

A)   difficulty answering questions that require them to use mental models.
B)   strong spatial abilities.
C)   difficulty using metaphors.
D)   cannot follow any sort of logical line of reasoning.
E)   difficulty using premises.

Question 6

When the criterion used to test the validity of IQ scores is school performance, the correlation is about

Accepted Answer

A)   .10.
B)  .20.
C)   .50.
D)   .75.
E)   .87.

Question 7

The tendency of people to search for evidence that supports their beliefs and arguments rather than to search for evidence that negates their beliefs and arguments is called

Accepted Answer

A)   the belief-bias effect.
B)   the confirmation bias.
C)   a mental set.
D)   a logical fallacy.
E)   a self-fulfilling prophecy.

Question 8

The assertions made in the book The Bell Curve are undermined by the fact that

Accepted Answer

A)   not all psychologists agree that intelligence is due to a single factor.
B)   there is not a consensus as to what intelligence really is.
C)   IQ is, in fact, modifiable to a certain extent.
D)   the role of environmental factors in IQ scores of different races cannot be ignored.
E)   all of the above.

Question 9

Spearman's theory of intelligence proposed that

Accepted Answer

A)   a person's performance on an intelligence test is determined by two factors.
B)   intelligence is made up of independent abilities; thus performance is always determined by the nature of the task.
C)   how well you perform on any given task is largely determined by your specific abilities.
D)   performance on a given task can be attributed solely to a general intelligence factor.
E)   a person's performance on an intelligence test is determined by five factors.

Question 10

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)   Intelligence remains stable once a person reaches adulthood.
B)   Once the brain matures, intelligence is no longer susceptible to deterioration.
C)   Once a person becomes elderly, the only way his or her intelligence can deteriorate is through physiological problems.
D)   Intelligence continues to be affected by possible harmful factors throughout the life-span.
E)   none of the above

Question 11

With the proper training, most mildly mentally retarded persons can lead independent lives and do well at work.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

__________ is the term used to refer to a person's ability to learn, remember information, to recognize concepts and their relations and to apply this information in adaptive ways.

Accepted Answer

A)   Intellect
B)   Creativity
C)   Intelligence
D)   Pragmatism
E)   Deduction

Question 13

Rips, Shoben, and Smith gathered empirical evidence that

Accepted Answer

A)   showed retrieval time is not a useful means of measuring concept formation.
B)   all people organize their conceptual scheme of the world hierarchically.
C)   supported the Collins and Quillian model of concept organization.
D)   people's system for classifying concepts is not as simple as the Collins and Quillian model suggests.
E)   none of the above.

Question 14

The differential approach is to __________ as the developmental approach is to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   cognition; testing
B)   children; cognition
C)   testing; children
D)   cognition; children
E)   testing; cognition

Question 15

The lowest correlation in intelligence scores is likely to occur between

Accepted Answer

A)   a brother and sister raised together.
B)   a biological parent and child living together.
C)   a biological parent and child living apart.
D)   two sisters raised apart.
E)   identical twins raised apart.

Question 16

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)   The heritability of a given trait depends on the amount of genetic variability present in a given person at a given time.
B)   The relative importance of environmental factors in a trait depends on the amount of environmental variability present in the population.
C)   The heritability of any given trait is modulated by the extent to which genetic and environmental factors exert independent influences on that trait at any given time in any given population.
D)   all of the above
E)   none of the above

Question 17

Mental retardation can be caused by

Accepted Answer

A)   environmental toxins.
B)   genetic factors.
C)   factors that affect normal brain development.
D)   lack of good nutrition
E)   all of the above.

Question 18

The organization of similar things into a category is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   symbol.
B)   concept.
C)   heuristic.
D)   algorithm.
E)   unit.

Question 19

__________ is a statistical measure that expresses the extent to which the observed variability in a given trait is the direct result of genetic variability.

Accepted Answer

A)   Factor analysis
B)   Trait variability
C)   Heritability
D)   K-selection
E)   genetic propensity

Question 20

Deductive reasoning involves inferring general principles or rules from specific facts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 11: Intelligence and Thinking

The information-processing approach to the study of intelligence is based on research that investigates the types of skills that people use to think and to solve different kinds of problems.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Spearman described the g factor as being made up of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Collins and Quillian's model, to which of the statements below is confirmation likely to be the FASTEST?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The organization of similar things into a category is called a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

With the proper training, most mildly mentally retarded persons can lead independent lives and do well at work.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The assertions made in the book The Bell Curve are undermined by the fact that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The tendency of people to search for evidence that supports their beliefs and arguments rather than to search for evidence that negates their beliefs and arguments is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person's vocabulary is more sensitive to his or her home environment than are other kinds of specific intellectual abilities.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People who have damaged parietal lobes often have

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

__________ is a statistical measure that expresses the extent to which the observed variability in a given trait is the direct result of genetic variability.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Spearman's theory of intelligence proposed that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The lowest correlation in intelligence scores is likely to occur between

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When the criterion used to test the validity of IQ scores is school performance, the correlation is about

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

__________ is the term used to refer to a person's ability to learn, remember information, to recognize concepts and their relations and to apply this information in adaptive ways.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rips, Shoben, and Smith gathered empirical evidence that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mental retardation can be caused by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The differential approach is to __________ as the developmental approach is to __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Deductive reasoning involves inferring general principles or rules from specific facts.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The differential approach is to as the developmental approach is to .

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