Question 1

If a particular song frequently precedes your being touched by your significant other, then eventually hearing the song will make you think of being touched by him or her. This is the basic idea behind ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   reductionism
B)   habituation
C)   associationism
D)   hedonism

Question 2

Hedonism provides the ________ necessary for learning and behavior to occur.

Accepted Answer

A)   motivation
B)   cognition
C)   emotion
D)   knowledge

Question 3

The philosophical belief called ________ claims that people learn in order to seek pleasure and to avoid pain.

Accepted Answer

A)   associationism
B)   empiricism
C)   hedonism
D)   utilitarianism

Question 4

Strict behaviorists believe that thoughts and emotions are important to study.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following is one of the main principles of Dollard and Miller's approach-avoidance conflict theory?

Accepted Answer

A)   Weaker drives typically cause an individual to approach a goal.
B)   The tendency to approach a positive goal declines the closer an individual is to the goal.
C)   Whenever there are two competing responses, the weaker one prevails.
D)   The avoidance gradient is steeper than the approach gradient.

Question 6

Julian Rotter's social learning theory focuses primarily on ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   drives
B)   drive reduction
C)   decision making
D)   reciprocal determinism

Question 7

Humans are the only animals that learn by observing others.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Describe how classic learning theory principles can be used to explain superstitious behavior (do not consider principles of social learning theory). Explain how these learning theory ideas can also be used to understand something more pervasive such as aggressive behavior.

Accepted Answer

Classic learning theory principles, such...

Question 9

A light goes on in a room just before an excruciatingly loud buzzer sounds. A subject who startles when the light goes on shows ________ behavior, but one who leaves the room to avoid the noise exhibits ________ behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)   respondent; operant
B)   operant; respondent
C)   conditioned; counterconditioned
D)   counterconditioned; conditioned

Question 10

Dollard and Miller's key idea concerns ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   defense mechanisms
B)   the habit hierarchy
C)   behavior potential
D)   reciprocal determinism

Question 11

What construct would Mischel prefer replace the construct of personality traits?

Accepted Answer

A)   expectancies
B)   the self-system
C)   cognitive-affective person units
D)   if . . . then contingencies

Question 12

What two important ideas are combined in Mischel's cognitive-affective personality system?

Accepted Answer

A)   An individual's construal of the world is important, and individuals have completely stable personality traits.
B)   Observation is the most important source of learning, and individuals have completely stable personality traits.
C)   Observation is the most important source of learning, and the cognitive system has multiple tracks.
D)   An individual's construal of the world is important, and the cognitive system has multiple tracks that sometimes intersect.

Question 13

Social learning theory has evolved so far from its behaviorist roots that there is little connection between John Watson's ideas and if . . . then contingencies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The idea that, in time, you can get used to almost anything is associated with which learning mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)   habituation
B)   classical conditioning
C)   operant conditioning
D)   respondent conditioning

Question 15

Explain what it takes to make punishment effective. What are the dangers of punishment? What are alternatives to punishment and why might these approaches be more effective than punishment?

Accepted Answer

Effective punishment requires several ke...

Question 16

As a child, Robin was frequently surrounded by many people and came to see herself as a very sociable person. As an adult, she has chosen a career that requires her to interact with other people on a daily basis. As a result, Robin is becoming even more sociable than before. This process is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the approach-avoidance goal system
B)   reciprocal determinism
C)   vicarious learning
D)   the expectancy value theory

Question 17

Experiments have shown that if one receives rewards and/or punishments randomly (i.e., regardless of what one does) , then one is likely to develop depression. This phenomenon is known as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   learned helplessness
B)   angst
C)   social learning theory
D)   reverse conditioning

Question 18

Bandura's concept of efficacy is similar to what Rotter called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   situational relativism
B)   reinforcement values
C)   expectancies
D)   behavior potential

Question 19

Expectancy value theory states that the individual will weigh both the size of the reward and the likelihood of obtaining the reward when faced with a decision.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Following Bandura, many social learning theorists agree that the important causes of behavior ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   are located only in the environment
B)   are located only in the conscious mind
C)   involve an interaction between the individual's mind and the environment
D)   mostly result from direct reinforcement for the behavior

Exam 15: Learning to Be a Person: Behaviorism and Social Learning Theories

Strict behaviorists believe that thoughts and emotions are important to study.

Correct Answer
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Social learning theory has evolved so far from its behaviorist roots that there is little connection between John Watson's ideas and if . . . then contingencies.

Correct Answer
verified

The philosophical belief called ________ claims that people learn in order to seek pleasure and to avoid pain.

Correct Answer
verified

The idea that, in time, you can get used to almost anything is associated with which learning mechanism?

Correct Answer
verified

What two important ideas are combined in Mischel's cognitive-affective personality system?

Correct Answer
verified

Expectancy value theory states that the individual will weigh both the size of the reward and the likelihood of obtaining the reward when faced with a decision.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is one of the main principles of Dollard and Miller's approach-avoidance conflict theory?

Correct Answer
verified

Experiments have shown that if one receives rewards and/or punishments randomly (i.e., regardless of what one does) , then one is likely to develop depression. This phenomenon is known as ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Following Bandura, many social learning theorists agree that the important causes of behavior ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Humans are the only animals that learn by observing others.

Correct Answer
verified

If a particular song frequently precedes your being touched by your significant other, then eventually hearing the song will make you think of being touched by him or her. This is the basic idea behind ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Julian Rotter's social learning theory focuses primarily on ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Bandura's concept of efficacy is similar to what Rotter called ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Hedonism provides the ________ necessary for learning and behavior to occur.

Correct Answer
verified

What construct would Mischel prefer replace the construct of personality traits?

Correct Answer
verified

Explain what it takes to make punishment effective. What are the dangers of punishment? What are alternatives to punishment and why might these approaches be more effective than punishment?

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Effective punishment requires several ke...
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Dollard and Miller's key idea concerns ________.

Correct Answer
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Describe how classic learning theory principles can be used to explain superstitious behavior (do not consider principles of social learning theory). Explain how these learning theory ideas can also be used to understand something more pervasive such as aggressive behavior.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Classic learning theory principles, such...
View Answer

A light goes on in a room just before an excruciatingly loud buzzer sounds. A subject who startles when the light goes on shows behavior, but one who leaves the room to avoid the noise exhibits behavior.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 15: Learning to Be a Person: Behaviorism and Social Learning Theories

Strict behaviorists believe that thoughts and emotions are important to study.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Social learning theory has evolved so far from its behaviorist roots that there is little connection between John Watson's ideas and if . . . then contingencies.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The philosophical belief called ________ claims that people learn in order to seek pleasure and to avoid pain.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The idea that, in time, you can get used to almost anything is associated with which learning mechanism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What two important ideas are combined in Mischel's cognitive-affective personality system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Expectancy value theory states that the individual will weigh both the size of the reward and the likelihood of obtaining the reward when faced with a decision.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is one of the main principles of Dollard and Miller's approach-avoidance conflict theory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Experiments have shown that if one receives rewards and/or punishments randomly (i.e., regardless of what one does) , then one is likely to develop depression. This phenomenon is known as ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Following Bandura, many social learning theorists agree that the important causes of behavior ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Humans are the only animals that learn by observing others.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a particular song frequently precedes your being touched by your significant other, then eventually hearing the song will make you think of being touched by him or her. This is the basic idea behind ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Julian Rotter's social learning theory focuses primarily on ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bandura's concept of efficacy is similar to what Rotter called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hedonism provides the ________ necessary for learning and behavior to occur.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What construct would Mischel prefer replace the construct of personality traits?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain what it takes to make punishment effective. What are the dangers of punishment? What are alternatives to punishment and why might these approaches be more effective than punishment?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIEffective punishment requires several ke...View AnswerShow Answer

Dollard and Miller's key idea concerns ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe how classic learning theory principles can be used to explain superstitious behavior (do not consider principles of social learning theory). Explain how these learning theory ideas can also be used to understand something more pervasive such as aggressive behavior.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIClassic learning theory principles, such...View AnswerShow Answer

A light goes on in a room just before an excruciatingly loud buzzer sounds. A subject who startles when the light goes on shows ________ behavior, but one who leaves the room to avoid the noise exhibits ________ behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Effective punishment requires several ke...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Classic learning theory principles, such...
View Answer

A light goes on in a room just before an excruciatingly loud buzzer sounds. A subject who startles when the light goes on shows behavior, but one who leaves the room to avoid the noise exhibits behavior.

Correct Answer
verified