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Attempts to help children and youths have been difficult to realize in the United States because


A) such government policies have failed in other Western countries.
B) cultural values of self-reliance and privacy have made government hesitant to become involved in family matters.
C) social programs are rarely cost-effective.
D) the United States already ranks at the top on key measures of children's health and well-being.

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The sex of a new organism is determined by whether


A) the ovum is carrying an X chromosome or a Y chromosome.
B) the sperm fertilizes an X-bearing ovum or a Y-bearing ovum.
C) the X and Y chromosomes separate into sperm cells or ovum.
D) an X-bearing sperm or a Y-bearing sperm fertilizes the ovum.

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According to the epigenetic framework,


A) differences in genetic makeup influence individuals' responses to the environment.
B) heredity restricts the development of some characteristics to just one or a few outcomes.
C) genes affect behavior and experiences, and behavior and experiences affect genetic expression.
D) individuals actively choose environments that complement their heredity.

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The United States


A) has a higher infant death rate than Canada and Spain.
B) provides national standards and funding for child care.
C) spends more public funds on education than Sweden.
D) now has a universal, publicly funded health-care system.

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When sperm and ovum unite at conception,a(n) __________ results.


A) autosome
B) gamete
C) zygote
D) allele

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Christine is 5'7" and has blue eyes.Such directly observable characteristics are called


A) alleles.
B) phenotypes.
C) chromosomes.
D) genotypes.

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In collectivist societies,people


A) think of themselves as separate entities.
B) define themselves as part of a group.
C) are largely concerned with their own personal needs.
D) stress individual goals over group goals.

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The twenty-first pair of chromosomes failed to separate during meiosis,so Aziz received three of these chromosomes rather than the normal two.Aziz has __________ syndrome.


A) XYY
B) Klinefelter
C) Turner
D) Down

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According to the concept of gene-environment interaction,


A) people respond similarly to the same qualities of the environment.
B) people have unique, genetically influenced reactions to particular experiences.
C) people with different gene-environment combinations never respond similarly.
D) heredity restricts the development of some characteristics to just one or a few outcomes.

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