Question 1

Baby Olivia retrieves a stuffed sheep that her mother has hidden under a blanket.Olivia has begun to master

Accepted Answer

A)   reflexive schemes.
B)   the primary circular reaction.
C)   mental representation.
D)   object permanence.

Question 2

__________ studies show that infants learn and retain a wide variety of information just by watching objects and events,sometimes for much longer time spans than in operant conditioning studies.

Accepted Answer

A)   Deferred imitation
B)   Accommodation
C)   Habituation
D)   Assimilation C

Question 3

Toddlers' __________ reflect their sensitivity to categories.

Accepted Answer

A)   overextensions
B)   underextensions
C)   babbles
D)   preverbal gestures

Question 4

Babies begin to categorize on the basis of two correlated features by _____ months of age.

Accepted Answer

A)   3
B)   6
C)   9
D)   12

Question 5

Dr.Trahan endorses the nativist perspective of language development.Dr.Trahan probably believes that

Accepted Answer

A)   children learn language through a mix of imitation, habituation, and operant conditioning.
B)   children make sense of their complex language environments by applying powerful cognitive capacities.
C)   language is etched into the structure of the brain.
D)   caregivers provide appropriate language experiences, which help children relate the content and structure of language to its social meanings.

Question 6

According to the core knowledge perspective,babies are born with a set of innate knowledge systems.List and describe core domains of thought.

Accepted Answer

According to the core knowledge perspect...

Question 7

Ursula speaks to her infant son in short sentences made up of high-pitched,exaggerated expression,clear pronunciation,distinct pauses between speech segments,and repetition of new words in a variety of contexts.Ursula uses

Accepted Answer

A)   preverbal speech.
B)   infant-directed speech.
C)   telegraphic speech.
D)   referential communication.

Question 8

The circular reaction

Accepted Answer

A)   involves stumbling onto a new experience caused by the baby's own motor activity.
B)   centers on internal depictions of events.
C)   relies on the baby's familiarity preference.
D)   is "circular" because each new reflex is followed by another new reflex.

Question 9

Two-month-old Penny makes vowel-like noises.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   babbling.
B)   telegraphic speech.
C)   child-directed speech.
D)   cooing.

Question 10

Research suggests that __________ contributes to the end of infantile amnesia.

Accepted Answer

A)   growth of the temporal lobe
B)   the advent of a clear self-image
C)   an increase in memory capacity
D)   exposure to child-directed speech

Question 11

Twenty-month-old Dean probably learns __________ new words each __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   one or two; day
B)   one to three; week
C)   five to seven; week
D)   five to seven; month

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of telegraphic speech?

Accepted Answer

A)   "Mamamamama!"
B)   "Bye-bye!"
C)   "More cookie!"
D)   "Dog mine!" C

Question 13

Hearing babies of deaf,signing parents

Accepted Answer

A)   do not babble.
B)   produce a range of early sounds but stop babbling entirely around 6 months.
C)   produce babblelike hand motions with the rhythmic patterns of natural sign languages.
D)   are unprepared for conversational behavior.

Question 14

One reason that low-SES kindergarteners have vocabularies only one-fourth as large as those of their higher-SES agemates is that they

Accepted Answer

A)   rely on infant-directed speech.
B)   do not use telegraphic speech.
C)   are read to less often.
D)   have more verbal stimulation in their homes.

Question 15

In Substage 5 of the sensorimotor period,toddlers

Accepted Answer

A)   create mental representations.
B)   repeat chance behaviors largely motivated by basic needs.
C)   repeat behaviors with variation.
D)   arrive at solutions suddenly rather than through trial and error. C

Question 16

Most infant intelligence tests emphasize __________ and __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   concepts; memory
B)   memory; mental representations
C)   perceptual responses; motor responses
D)   attention; categorization

Question 17

In the short-term memory store,

Accepted Answer

A)   sights and sounds are represented directly and stored briefly.
B)   we briefly retain and "work" on information so we can reach our goals.
C)   the flow of information is coordinated and directed.
D)   information in permanently stored.

Question 18

In Piaget's sensorimotor Substage 4,babies

Accepted Answer

A)   try to repeat interesting events that are accidentally caused by their own actions.
B)   engage in goal-directed behavior.
C)   start to gain voluntary control over their activities through the primary circular reaction.
D)   repeat chance behaviors largely motivated by basic needs.

Question 19

Infants' __________ may underlie the circular reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)   fear of overstimulation
B)   familiarity preference
C)   difficulty inhibiting new and interesting behaviors
D)   internal depictions of events

Question 20

When 3-year-old Eva peels an orange,she calls it "opening" the orange.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   an underextension.
B)   infant-directed speech.
C)   an overextension.
D)   referential style.

Exam 5: Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Baby Olivia retrieves a stuffed sheep that her mother has hidden under a blanket.Olivia has begun to master

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

__________ studies show that infants learn and retain a wide variety of information just by watching objects and events,sometimes for much longer time spans than in operant conditioning studies.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Toddlers' __________ reflect their sensitivity to categories.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Babies begin to categorize on the basis of two correlated features by _____ months of age.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr.Trahan endorses the nativist perspective of language development.Dr.Trahan probably believes that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the core knowledge perspective,babies are born with a set of innate knowledge systems.List and describe core domains of thought.

Correct AnswerverifiedAccording to the core knowledge perspect...View AnswerShow Answer

Ursula speaks to her infant son in short sentences made up of high-pitched,exaggerated expression,clear pronunciation,distinct pauses between speech segments,and repetition of new words in a variety of contexts.Ursula uses

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The circular reaction

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two-month-old Penny makes vowel-like noises.This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research suggests that __________ contributes to the end of infantile amnesia.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Twenty-month-old Dean probably learns __________ new words each __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of telegraphic speech?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Hearing babies of deaf,signing parents

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One reason that low-SES kindergarteners have vocabularies only one-fourth as large as those of their higher-SES agemates is that they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Substage 5 of the sensorimotor period,toddlers

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Most infant intelligence tests emphasize __________ and __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the short-term memory store,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Piaget's sensorimotor Substage 4,babies

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Infants' __________ may underlie the circular reaction.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When 3-year-old Eva peels an orange,she calls it "opening" the orange.This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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C

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According to the core knowledge perspect...
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Twenty-month-old Dean probably learns new words each .

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C

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C

Most infant intelligence tests emphasize and .

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