Question 1

Recent evidence suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)   most children show a steady increase in rate of word learning that continues through the preschool years.
B)   toddlers undergo an initial spurt in vocabulary around 18 months.
C)   toddlers transition from a faster to a slower language learning pace around 18 months.
D)   most toddlers experience a decline in their ability to categorize experiences by the middle of the second year.

Question 2

Two-year-old Grace is very shy.With regard to speech,Grace is likely to

Accepted Answer

A)   wait until she understands a great deal before trying to speak.
B)   be slightly ahead of her agemates in vocabulary growth.
C)   receive more verbal stimulation from her parents.
D)   rely on infant-directed speech.

Question 3

During rapid cognitive change,children

Accepted Answer

A)   are in a state of disequilibrium.
B)   assimilate more than they accommodate.
C)   are in a state of equilibrium.
D)   move back toward assimilation.

Question 4

The IQs of 96 percent of individuals fall between _____ and _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   60; 100
B)   70; 130
C)   85; 110
D)   100; 140

Question 5

In __________,sights and sounds are represented directly and stored briefly.

Accepted Answer

A)   the sensory register
B)   the short-term memory store
C)   working memory
D)   long-term memory

Question 6

Current research on infant cognition yields broad agreement on which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   Most cognitive changes of infancy are abrupt.
B)   Various aspects of infant cognition change unevenly.
C)   Young babies construct all mental representations out of sensorimotor activity.
D)   The cognitive changes of infancy are stagelike.

Question 7

According to Piaget,during the sensorimotor stage,a child is not yet able to

Accepted Answer

A)   carry out many activities in his head.
B)   use assimilation to create new schemes.
C)   develop in times of disequilibrium.
D)   solve simple object permanence problems.

Question 8

In Western middle-SES infant and toddler play,adults and children tend to focus their attention on

Accepted Answer

A)   categorizing objects.
B)   a single activity.
C)   following rules.
D)   several events at once.

Question 9

Which of the following statements about language development is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Babies typically say their first words around 6 months of age.
B)   By age 6, children understand the meaning of about 1,000 words.
C)   Sometime between 12 and 15 months, most babies combine two words.
D)   By age 6, most children speak in elaborate sentences and understand the meaning of about 10,000 words.

Question 10

Although infants in Piaget's sensorimotor Substage 4 have begun to master object permanence,

Accepted Answer

A)   their schemes have a hit-or-miss quality.
B)   they still make the A-not-B search error.
C)   they are not yet able to retrieve hidden objects.
D)   their schemes appear as sudden solutions.

Question 11

Superintendent Hastings has asked all teachers in her school district to administer student intelligence tests.If performances at each age level formed a normal distribution,the results were probably __________-shaped.

Accepted Answer

A)   U
B)   bell
C)   L
D)   triangle

Question 12

Which of the following words is the most likely to be among a U.S.toddler's first 10 words?

Accepted Answer

A)   "bye"
B)   "grab"
C)   "hit"
D)   "woof"

Question 13

Social interactionsts emphasize that

Accepted Answer

A)   a single system of grammar underlies all languages.
B)   a language acquisition device helps children rapidly learn new words.
C)   brain regions housing language also govern similar perceptual and cognitive abilities.
D)   children's social skills and language experiences are centrally involved in language development.

Question 14

Many studies show that __________ are slightly ahead of __________ in early vocabulary growth.

Accepted Answer

A)   boys; girls
B)   shy toddlers; outgoing toddlers
C)   girls; boys
D)   low-SES children; high-SES children

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the information-processing perspective is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is easily integrated into a broad, comprehensive theory of development.
B)   It emphasizes that children live in rich social and cultural contexts that affect their cognitive development.
C)   Its central strength-analyzing cognition into its components-is also its greatest drawback.
D)   Its core domains of thought yield broad agreement among researchers.

Question 16

Most adults and older children cannot remember events that happened before the age of 3 because

Accepted Answer

A)   they cannot translate early preverbal memories into language.
B)   early memories are stored in an explicit memory system that is difficult to recall.
C)   long-term memory does not emerge until around age 7.
D)   they have most likely forgotten these early memories due to the passage of time.

Question 17

Describe the strengths and weaknesses of the information-processing perspective.

Accepted Answer

Information-processing researchers are n...

Question 18

Research suggests that infants

Accepted Answer

A)   can discriminate quantities up to three.
B)   do not have basic numeric knowledge.
C)   can multiply and divide single-digit problems.
D)   experience cognitive change abruptly.

Question 19

When 2½-year-old Max,and his father,Simon,listened to short sentences-some grammatically correct,others with phrase-structure violations-both showed similarly distinct ERP brain-wave patterns for each sentence type in the left frontal and temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex.This suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)   a toddler processes sentence structures using the same neural system as an adult does.
B)   social skills and language experiences are centrally involved in language development.
C)   language development relies more on learning and discovery than Chomsky assumed.
D)   interactions between inner capacities and environmental influences govern language learning.

Question 20

__________ are so well-learned that they require no space in working memory and,therefore,permit us to focus on other information while performing them.

Accepted Answer

A)   Executive functions
B)   Sensory processes
C)   Permanent functions
D)   Automatic processes

Exam 5: Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

In __________,sights and sounds are represented directly and stored briefly.

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Although infants in Piaget's sensorimotor Substage 4 have begun to master object permanence,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Recent evidence suggests that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During rapid cognitive change,children

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Current research on infant cognition yields broad agreement on which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Western middle-SES infant and toddler play,adults and children tend to focus their attention on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

__________ are so well-learned that they require no space in working memory and,therefore,permit us to focus on other information while performing them.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Piaget,during the sensorimotor stage,a child is not yet able to

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Many studies show that __________ are slightly ahead of __________ in early vocabulary growth.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two-year-old Grace is very shy.With regard to speech,Grace is likely to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The IQs of 96 percent of individuals fall between _____ and _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Social interactionsts emphasize that

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Research suggests that infants

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Which of the following words is the most likely to be among a U.S.toddler's first 10 words?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about language development is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about the information-processing perspective is true?

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Describe the strengths and weaknesses of the information-processing perspective.

Correct AnswerverifiedInformation-processing researchers are n...View AnswerShow Answer

Most adults and older children cannot remember events that happened before the age of 3 because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When 2½-year-old Max,and his father,Simon,listened to short sentences-some grammatically correct,others with phrase-structure violations-both showed similarly distinct ERP brain-wave patterns for each sentence type in the left frontal and temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex.This suggests that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Superintendent Hastings has asked all teachers in her school district to administer student intelligence tests.If performances at each age level formed a normal distribution,the results were probably __________-shaped.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Many studies show that are slightly ahead of in early vocabulary growth.

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The IQs of 96 percent of individuals fall between _ and _.

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Information-processing researchers are n...
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