Question 1

A child who __________ to find a hidden toy is demonstrating a tertiary circular reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)   lifts up a cup
B)   searches a familiar hiding place
C)   looks in several locations
D)   pushes aside a pillow

Question 2

Children oven overextend deliberately because they

Accepted Answer

A)   have favorite words.
B)   have not acquired a suitable word.
C)   find the error humorous.
D)   apply new words too narrowly.

Question 3

In the United States,

Accepted Answer

A)   child care is nationally regulated.
B)   60 to 70 percent of child-care centers provide infants and toddlers with good-quality care.
C)   child care is nationally funded to ensure quality.
D)   child-care standards are set by the states and vary widely.

Question 4

Most infant intelligence tests

Accepted Answer

A)   accurately predict later school achievement.
B)   poorly predict later intelligence.
C)   overemphasize problem-solving skills.
D)   are good predictors of preschool mental test performance.

Question 5

Good child care

Accepted Answer

A)   cannot sustain the benefits of growing up in an economically advantaged family.
B)   improves children's intelligence test scores in all measures except cognitive and social skills.
C)   is more readily available in the United States than in most European countries.
D)   can reduce the negative impact of a stressed, poverty-stricken home life.

Question 6

Virginia was able to find her ball,which was placed into a box under a cover.Virginia has begun to master

Accepted Answer

A)   habituation.
B)   deferred imitation.
C)   invisible displacement.
D)   the violation-of-expectation method.

Question 7

Vygotsky believed that

Accepted Answer

A)   toddlers discover make-believe play independently, once they are capable of representational schemes.
B)   society provides children with opportunities to represent culturally meaningful activities in play.
C)   make-believe play is less rich in collectivist cultures.
D)   almost all play episodes during the first half of the second year are initiated by children.

Question 8

A group of 2-year-olds watch through a window while a live adult hides an object in an adjoining room.Another group watches the same event on a video screen.Which of the following is likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)   Children in the direct viewing condition will retrieve the toy easily, while those in the video condition will have difficulty.
B)   Children in the video condition will retrieve the toy easily, while those in the direct viewing condition will have difficulty.
C)   Both groups of children will have difficulty retrieving the toy.
D)   Children in both groups will be able to retrieve the toy easily.

Question 9

Sensorimotor Substage 6 brings the ability to

Accepted Answer

A)   create mental representations.
B)   engage in means-end action sequences.
C)   master object permanence.
D)   engage in intentional behavior.

Question 10

Good child care

Accepted Answer

A)   is rarely cost-effective.
B)   can serve as effective early intervention for children whose development is at risk.
C)   is typically funded by a local or state agency.
D)   is the norm in the United States.

Question 11

The sensorimotor stage is Piaget's __________ period of development.

Accepted Answer

A)   least complex
B)   last
C)   most complex
D)   second

Question 12

According to the information-processing perspective,__________ permit(s) more complex forms of thinking with age.

Accepted Answer

A)   revising existing schemes and developing new ones
B)   improvements in capacity, processing speed, and functioning of the central executive
C)   improvements in language and direct adult instruction
D)   social interaction with more skilled adults

Question 13

Which of the following statements about supporting early language development is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Infants prefer adult talk to infant-directed speech (IDS) .
B)   Deaf parents use a similar style of communication to IDS when signing to their deaf babies.
C)   By age 5 months, babies are more emotionally responsive to adult talk than to IDS.
D)   Parents' use of IDS results in the child's extended use of "baby" talk.

Question 14

Which of the following toddlers is the most likely to have the largest vocabulary?

Accepted Answer

A)   Henry from Germany
B)   Torsten from Sweden
C)   Fei Yen from China
D)   Marilyn from the United States

Question 15

Forty-five-year-old Nancy clearly remembers the day her youngest sibling was born,just over 40 years ago.Nancy's recollections of that day are known as

Accepted Answer

A)   infantile amnesia.
B)   recognition memory.
C)   autobiographical memory.
D)   working memory.

Question 16

According to Piaget,a __________ provides a special means of adapting infants' first schemes.

Accepted Answer

A)   goal-directed behavior
B)   mental representation
C)   sensorimotor reflex
D)   circular reaction

Question 17

In a series of studies using the violation-of-expectation method,Renée Baillargeon and her collaborators claimed to have found evidence for

Accepted Answer

A)   mental representations in babies between 6 and 12 months of age.
B)   mental representations in babies between 12 and 15 months of age.
C)   object permanence in the first few months of life.
D)   tertiary circular reactions in the first few months of life.

Question 18

According to Piaget's theory,when Baby Sasha sucks her thumb,she is demonstrating a __________ circular reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)   goal-directed
B)   primary
C)   secondary
D)   tertiary

Question 19

Baby Jared accidentally kicks his mobile,producing music.Jared then repeatedly kicks his leg to repeat the effect,gradually forming a new "kicking" scheme.Jared is in which of Piaget's sensorimotor substages?

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   2
C)   3
D)   4

Question 20

Evidence that __________ is consistent with Chomsky's idea of a biologically based language program.

Accepted Answer

A)   sign language can be learned equally well at any age
B)   children's progress in mastering many sentence constructions is gradual
C)   childhood is a sensitive period for language acquisition
D)   children in varying cultures reach major language milestones in a different sequence

Exam 5: Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Sensorimotor Substage 6 brings the ability to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following toddlers is the most likely to have the largest vocabulary?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a series of studies using the violation-of-expectation method,Renée Baillargeon and her collaborators claimed to have found evidence for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A group of 2-year-olds watch through a window while a live adult hides an object in an adjoining room.Another group watches the same event on a video screen.Which of the following is likely to occur?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Good child care

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Virginia was able to find her ball,which was placed into a box under a cover.Virginia has begun to master

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Piaget,a __________ provides a special means of adapting infants' first schemes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the United States,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vygotsky believed that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evidence that __________ is consistent with Chomsky's idea of a biologically based language program.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most infant intelligence tests

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The sensorimotor stage is Piaget's __________ period of development.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Good child care

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Children oven overextend deliberately because they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Baby Jared accidentally kicks his mobile,producing music.Jared then repeatedly kicks his leg to repeat the effect,gradually forming a new "kicking" scheme.Jared is in which of Piaget's sensorimotor substages?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about supporting early language development is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Piaget's theory,when Baby Sasha sucks her thumb,she is demonstrating a __________ circular reaction.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Forty-five-year-old Nancy clearly remembers the day her youngest sibling was born,just over 40 years ago.Nancy's recollections of that day are known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the information-processing perspective,__________ permit(s) more complex forms of thinking with age.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A child who __________ to find a hidden toy is demonstrating a tertiary circular reaction.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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