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A firm pursuing a transnational strategy would believe that


A) key business functions should be located in its home country headquarters.
B) local-responsiveness is more important than cost-reductions for competitive advantage.
C) best practices, ideas, and innovations should be diffused throughout the world.
D) the majority of the value creation should take place in the home country.

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Which of the following factors is the most important determinant of economic distance?


A) the wealth and per capita income of consumers
B) the ethnicity and religion of consumers
C) the presence of legal institutions in a country
D) the topography of a country

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When two neighboring, democratic countries that are part of a trading bloc follow different religions and social norms, they most likely have high ________ distance.


A) political
B) geographic
C) administrative
D) cultural

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Which of the following will most likely harm a multinational enterprise's (MNE's) reputation?


A) Principal-agent problems cause an MNE to merge with another MNE.
B) Increased competition causes an MNE to close a factory in a developing country.
C) Wages for workers in a factory owned by an MNE increase, causing profits to decline.
D) A sweatshop owned by an MNE has an explosion that kills hundreds of workers.

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Sky Pioneers Inc. manufactures airplane parts. It wants to globalize and is willing to spend a considerable amount to protect its intellectual property. Which of these business ventures makes the most sense for Sky Pioneers?


A) licensing some of its newest designs to overseas competitors
B) acquiring an airplane-parts manufacturer in another country
C) beginning a brownfield project in its home country
D) exporting airplane parts to many other countries

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In recent years as economic forces have changed, many governments and multinational enterprises have been more interested in negotiating bilateral trade agreements between countries rather than multinational agreements through international agencies.

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Businesses located in countries that have relatively weak domestic demand rarely make the leap to multinational enterprises because they must focus their attention on shoring up their economic positions in their home countries.

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Devonshire Ventures is a large snack-food conglomerate that operates in more than 50 countries and employs more than 80,000 people across the world. It operates through multiple regional product divisions, which tend to function as autonomous profit-and-loss centers. This allows the company to reap significant economies of scale. Though each division acts as an autonomous firm with its individual regional leaders, frequent sharing of knowledge between the divisions allows for global learning. These factors help the company reconcile product and service differentiations at low cost. Which of the following strategies does Devonshire most likely use?


A) an international strategy
B) a focused-differentiation strategy
C) a multidomestic strategy
D) a transnational strategy

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Heaven Freezes Over (HFO) is a company that makes frozen lunch and dinner entrées. Based on what you know about companies like Nestlé, what action should HFO take as it strives to become multinational?


A) Pursue a multidomestic strategy, customizing product offerings to suit local preferences.
B) Attempt an international strategy, controlling costs and taking advantage of economies of scale by selling the same (or very similar) products around the globe.
C) Try a global-standardization strategy, which creates standardized products and competes mainly on price.
D) Consider a transnational strategy by creating a blue ocean market.

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Worldwide Minerals Inc. wants to expand into the international market. It does not want to spend a very large amount of money for this process. However, Worldwide Minerals wants to maintain some control in the foreign market. Which of the following would be the best entry mode for this firm?


A) joint ventures
B) acquisitions
C) greenfield operations
D) exports

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How do firms make decisions to pursue a global strategy?

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The decision to pursue a global strategy...

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Which of the following statements best explains why Walmart is finding it difficult to replicate its existing business model in India?


A) because of the political differences between India and the United States
B) because NAFTA prohibits Walmart from investing in countries outside North America
C) because of the large economic distance between the United States and India
D) because Indian consumers have not accepted Walmart's low-cost strategy

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Vermilion Inc., a manufacturer of high-technology medical devices, has its product development centers located in the United States and South Korea. The manufacturing units are located in China and the Philippines to benefit from low-labor costs and access to original equipment manufacturers. This allows the company to competitively price its devices. Also, the various phone models sold by the company are uniform in all the foreign markets it operates in. In this scenario, which of the following strategies does Vermilion most likely pursue?


A) international strategy
B) multidomestic strategy
C) global-standardization strategy
D) transnational strategy

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For which of the following companies will geographic distance be the most relevant factor in deciding whether to trade with a target country?


A) a firm that manufactures cell phone batteries
B) a firm that extracts and exports iron ore
C) a firm that produces movies
D) a firm that sells wristwatches

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The German multimedia conglomerate Bertelsmann operates in more than 60 countries throughout the world and owns many regional leaders in their specific product categories, including Random House Publishing in the United States. Bertelsmann operates its more than 500 regional media divisions as more or less autonomous profit-and-loss centers, but it attempts to share best practices across units. Global learning and human resource strategies for executives are coordinated at the network level. Bertelsmann is following a(n)


A) multidomestic strategy.
B) international strategy.
C) global-standardization strategy.
D) transnational strategy.

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Which of the following types of organizations comparatively requires the lowest levels of investment and control?


A) joint ventures
B) franchising
C) acquisition
D) greenfield operations

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How can expanding globally become a threat to a multinational enterprises (MNEs) reputation? Explain with the help of a real-world example.

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Student examples will vary. A sample ans...

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Which of the following is part of Geert Hofstede's cultural dimensions?


A) short-term orientation
B) groupthink
C) embrace of risk taking
D) power distance

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Toyota's global success in the 1990s and early 2000s was based to a large extent on a network of world-class suppliers in Japan. This tightly knit network allowed for fast two-way knowledge sharing-this in turn improved Toyota's quality and lowered its cost, which it leveraged into a successful blue ocean strategy at the business level. This example shows the effectiveness of


A) factor conditions.
B) competitive intensity in a focal industry.
C) demand conditions.
D) related and supporting industries/complementors.

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Which of the following is an observable feature in the Globalization 3.0 stage?


A) Knowledge flow between the local replicas of the multinational enterprises and their U.S. headquarters is limited.
B) Only sales and distribution functions of a multinational enterprise are located in a few key countries.
C) Based on an optimal mix of costs, skills, and PESTEL factors, companies now freely locate business functions anywhere in the world.
D) The typical firm has reorganized from a global enterprise with different centers of expertise to a multinational company with self-contained operations in a few selected countries.

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