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When it comes to perception-making, it is always best to have the most information possible.

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Rick and Jamie recently started dating. To commemorate their first month as a couple, Rick surprised Jamie when he picked her up at work in a rented limousine with floor-level tickets to a concert. After the show, Rick was upset because Jamie would barely speak to him. Jamie was also upset because she had been planning on surprising Rick with a quiet dinner at home. After two days of fighting, the couple broke up. What was likely at the root of this conflict?


A) egocentrism
B) negativity bias
C) altercentrism
D) perceptual set differences

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If an attribution is internal then it must also be controllable.

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One of your hall-mates, Ling, is an exchange student from Taiwan. Ling never goes out with the other students, goes to bed at 9:30 every night, and studies quietly in her room most of the time. You assume that Ling behaves the way she does because she is Asian. Which of the following attribution errors might you have committed?


A) self-serving bias
B) fundamental attribution error
C) overattribution
D) all of these

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Your senses are unable to attend to every stimulus in the environment at the same time.

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Regarding the fundamental attribution error, which of the following statements is NOT true?


A) It refers to attributions we make for other people's behaviors, rather than our own.
B) We don't usually commit it when we are told that a person's behavior is externally caused.
C) It causes us to discount external, unstable causes for people's actions.
D) We commit it when we assume that another person's behavior is caused by internal, stable causes.

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B

How are interpretations different from facts?


A) Interpretations are objective, whereas facts are subjective.
B) Facts speak to what occurred, whereas interpretations speak to the meaning of what occurred.
C) Interpretations are the same as descriptions, whereas facts are more similar to attributions.
D) They aren't different; facts and interpretations are the same.

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Think about a friend, teacher, or co-worker of yours whom you didn't like when you first met. What led your relationship with that person to get off on the wrong foot? What happened that made you change your mind about the person? If you could experience that first meeting over again, what would you do differently in your relationship with the person?

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When I first met my co-worker, I didn't ...

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Which of the following techniques can help in the perception-checking process?


A) generating a meaningful interpretation as quickly as possible
B) generating alternative perceptions
C) avoiding considering the context
D) None of the answers is correct.

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The self-serving bias is a form of self-delusion.

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People "see" faces in all sorts of natural phenomena, including clouds, tree bark, and even rocks on Mars. This is an example of which perception-making process?


A) egocentrism
B) perceptual set
C) positivity bias
D) recency effect

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Forming an accurate snap judgment of someone else illustrates which of the following truisms of forming attributions?


A) Biases can be overcome if we are mindful of them.
B) Checking our perceptions is essential to forming correct attributions.
C) More information doesn't necessarily lead to better attributions.
D) You never get a second chance to make a first impression.

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Many factors affect the likelihood that we will notice a certain object in our environment. Which of the following does NOT lead to increased attention?


A) plainness
B) unusualness
C) repetition
D) intensity

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A fellow student in one of your communication classes, Rose, starts acting particularly nice to you in the weeks leading up to the first exam. Classmates have frequently treated you this way in the past in the hope that you will help them study. As a result, you are suspicious of Rose's motives. In this scenario, you are likely basing your suspicions on


A) personal experience.
B) your knowledge of Rose.
C) the closeness of your relationship with Rose.
D) All the answers are correct.

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A

Physiology exerts several effects on interpersonal perception.

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Samantha was a fantastic softball player, but she rarely took credit for her success. Every time a reporter from the school paper would ask her for a quote, Samantha would say, "I just got lucky today," or, "Their pitcher just gave me something I could hit." Which of the following likely factors into Samantha's personality?


A) internal locus
B) external locus
C) negative attribution
D) self-serving bias

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Identify and briefly define each of the three stages of the perception-making process.

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The three stages of the perception-making process are sensation, organization, and interpretation. 1. Sensation: This is the first stage of perception, where sensory receptors receive information from the environment through sight, sound, touch, taste, and smell. This raw sensory data is then transmitted to the brain for processing. 2. Organization: In this stage, the brain organizes the sensory information into a coherent and meaningful pattern. This involves filtering out irrelevant information and categorizing the sensory input based on similarities and differences. 3. Interpretation: The final stage of perception involves assigning meaning to the organized sensory information. This is where individuals make sense of the sensory input by drawing on past experiences, cultural influences, and personal beliefs. Interpretation can vary greatly from person to person, leading to different perceptions of the same stimuli.

Which of the following was NOT suggested in your textbook as one of the ways to combat perceptual inaccuracies?


A) avoiding biased opinions
B) knowing yourself
C) focusing on the characteristics of others
D) considering the context

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Using concrete examples, articulate and explain how perceptual accuracy can be influenced by social and occupational roles.

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Perceptual accuracy, or the ability to a...

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You liked most everything about your new roommate when you first met, but when you found out she smokes, that overshadowed all of her good qualities in your mind. What perception-making process are you displaying here?


A) primacy effect
B) negativity bias
C) stereotyping
D) egocentrism

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