Question 1

Which statement is correctly matched with its consequence?

Accepted Answer

A)  Janie continues her drug use because it eliminates unpleasant cravings for the drug. - negative punishment
B)  Janie reduces her drug use because it leaves her without money. - negative reinforcement
C)  Janie reduces her drug use because of the drug's physical side effects. - negative punishment
D)  Janie continues her drug use because it takes her mind off unpleasant thoughts. - negative reinforcement

Question 2

A person doesn't receive a smile or a "thank you" each time he holds a door for the person behind him, just most of the time. Door-holding is reinforced on a(n)  _____ schedule.

Accepted Answer

A)  continuous
B)  interval
C)  partial
D)  fixed

Question 3

Dr. Ruiz asserts that the only truly scientific psychology is a psychology based on concrete, observable behavior. Dr. Ruiz's view resembles that of the influential psychologist:

Accepted Answer

A)  Maslow.
B)  James.
C)  Freud.
D)  Skinner.

Question 4

One can teach a chicken to play baseball.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Ivan Pavlov is associated with the study of classical conditioning. This means that he studied how:

Accepted Answer

A)  people learn by imitating others.
B)  organisms associate two different stimuli.
C)  people associate their behaviors with their consequences.
D)  organisms respond to repeated stimuli.

Question 6

Sergio changes his Facebook profile picture. A friend comments with a smiley-face emoticon. The emoticon offers Sergio _____ reinforcement for changing his profile picture.

Accepted Answer

A)  conditional
B)  primary
C)  negative
D)  positive

Question 7

Gorn (1982)  showed participants pictures of different-colored pens. Some pen colors were paired with pleasant music; others were paired with unpleasant music. As a free gift, participants were more likely to choose the pen colors associated with pleasant music than the pen colors associated with unpleasant music. Which choice correctly identifies the CS and the CR, respectively, in this study?

Accepted Answer

A)  pen color; liking for pen
B)  pen color; liking for music
C)  type of music; liking for music
D)  type of music; liking for pen

Question 8

In _____, something unpleasant follows an unwanted behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  negative reinforcement
B)  secondary reinforcement
C)  negative punishment
D)  positive punishment

Question 9

In the first phase of the classical conditioning process:

Accepted Answer

A)  an unconditioned stimulus elicits an unconditioned response.
B)  a neutral stimulus is paired with an unconditioned stimulus.
C)  a conditioned stimulus elicits a conditioned response.
D)  a neutral stimulus is paired with a conditioned stimulus.

Question 10

Psychologists define _____ as a relatively permanent change in behavior or thinking resulting from experience.

Accepted Answer

A)  adaptation
B)  habituation
C)  cognition
D)  learning

Question 11

Operant conditioning is associated with _____ and _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  Pavlov; Skinner
B)  Pavlov; Watson
C)  Thorndike; Skinner
D)  Thorndike; Watson

Question 12

Which consequence is correctly matched with an example of it?

Accepted Answer

A)  positive reinforcement - Harvey is suspended when he vandalizes school property.
B)  negative reinforcement - Jeff puts up his umbrella when it starts to sprinkle so he won't get wet.
C)  positive punishment - Jacqueline's teacher puts a cute sticker on an arithmetic exercise completed without mistakes.
D)  negative punishment - Tommy receives a written reprimand from his boss following a series of customer complaints.

Question 13

Which set contains a discrepant element?

Accepted Answer

A)  {voluntary behavior, operant conditioning, associations between stimuli}
B)  {associations between behavior and consequences, voluntary behavior, operant conditioning}
C)  {Pavlovian conditioning, classical conditioning, associations between stimuli}
D)  {associations between stimuli, involuntary behavior, Pavlovian conditioning}

Question 14

A research assistant in a lab conditions dogs to salivate to the sound of a bell. During conditioning, the assistant deliberately manipulates the interval between the sound of the bell and the presentation of food. After conditioning, he measures how much the dog salivates when the bell is presented alone. The interval is the _____ variable. The amount of salivation is the _____ variable.

Accepted Answer

A)  dependent; experimental
B)  dependent; independent
C)  independent; control
D)  independent; dependent

Question 15

Operant conditioning involves forming associations between:

Accepted Answer

A)  different stimuli.
B)  stimuli and behavior.
C)  behavior and consequences.
D)  different behaviors.

Question 16

Operant conditioning applies to _____ and involves associations between _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  involuntary behavior; behavior and consequences
B)  involuntary behavior; stimuli
C)  voluntary behavior; behavior and consequences
D)  voluntary behavior; stimuli

Question 17

Classical conditioning applies to _____ and involves associations between _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  involuntary behavior; behavior and consequences
B)  involuntary behavior; stimuli
C)  voluntary behavior; behavior and consequences
D)  voluntary behavior; stimuli

Question 18

Watson and Rayner's Little Albert study supported the idea that fear is innate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Skinner's students Keller and Marian Breiland found that animals tend to revert to behaviors consistent with their instincts, a(n)  _____ conditioning phenomenon called _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  classical; higher order conditioning
B)  classical; instinctive drift
C)  operant; higher order conditioning
D)  operant; instinctive drift

Question 20

Effie no longer eats egg salad sandwiches-some time ago, she found herself vomiting after consuming a sandwich in which the mayonnaise must have spoiled. Which alternative below correctly identifies the stimulus in this situation?

Accepted Answer

A)  US - bacteria
B)  CS - nausea
C)  US - food
D)  CS - bacteria

Exam 5: Consciousness

Operant conditioning is associated with _ and _.

Correct Answer
verified

Skinner's students Keller and Marian Breiland found that animals tend to revert to behaviors consistent with their instincts, a(n) _ conditioning phenomenon called _.

Correct Answer
verified

Watson and Rayner's Little Albert study supported the idea that fear is innate.

Correct Answer
verified

Operant conditioning applies to _ and involves associations between _.

Correct Answer
verified

Which statement is correctly matched with its consequence?

Correct Answer
verified

A person doesn't receive a smile or a "thank you" each time he holds a door for the person behind him, just most of the time. Door-holding is reinforced on a(n) _____ schedule.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Effie no longer eats egg salad sandwiches-some time ago, she found herself vomiting after consuming a sandwich in which the mayonnaise must have spoiled. Which alternative below correctly identifies the stimulus in this situation?

Correct Answer
verified

Operant conditioning involves forming associations between:

Correct Answer
verified

Which consequence is correctly matched with an example of it?

Correct Answer
verified

In the first phase of the classical conditioning process:

Correct Answer
verified

Sergio changes his Facebook profile picture. A friend comments with a smiley-face emoticon. The emoticon offers Sergio _____ reinforcement for changing his profile picture.

Correct Answer
verified

Psychologists define _____ as a relatively permanent change in behavior or thinking resulting from experience.

Correct Answer
verified

Which set contains a discrepant element?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Classical conditioning applies to _ and involves associations between _.

Correct Answer
verified

Ivan Pavlov is associated with the study of classical conditioning. This means that he studied how:

Correct Answer
verified

Dr. Ruiz asserts that the only truly scientific psychology is a psychology based on concrete, observable behavior. Dr. Ruiz's view resembles that of the influential psychologist:

Correct Answer
verified

One can teach a chicken to play baseball.

Correct Answer
verified

In _____, something unpleasant follows an unwanted behavior.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 5: Consciousness

Operant conditioning is associated with _____ and _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Skinner's students Keller and Marian Breiland found that animals tend to revert to behaviors consistent with their instincts, a(n) _____ conditioning phenomenon called _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Watson and Rayner's Little Albert study supported the idea that fear is innate.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Operant conditioning applies to _____ and involves associations between _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is correctly matched with its consequence?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person doesn't receive a smile or a "thank you" each time he holds a door for the person behind him, just most of the time. Door-holding is reinforced on a(n) _____ schedule.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Effie no longer eats egg salad sandwiches-some time ago, she found herself vomiting after consuming a sandwich in which the mayonnaise must have spoiled. Which alternative below correctly identifies the stimulus in this situation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Operant conditioning involves forming associations between:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which consequence is correctly matched with an example of it?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the first phase of the classical conditioning process:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sergio changes his Facebook profile picture. A friend comments with a smiley-face emoticon. The emoticon offers Sergio _____ reinforcement for changing his profile picture.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychologists define _____ as a relatively permanent change in behavior or thinking resulting from experience.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which set contains a discrepant element?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Classical conditioning applies to _____ and involves associations between _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ivan Pavlov is associated with the study of classical conditioning. This means that he studied how:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr. Ruiz asserts that the only truly scientific psychology is a psychology based on concrete, observable behavior. Dr. Ruiz's view resembles that of the influential psychologist:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One can teach a chicken to play baseball.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In _____, something unpleasant follows an unwanted behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Operant conditioning is associated with _ and _.

Correct Answer
verified

Skinner's students Keller and Marian Breiland found that animals tend to revert to behaviors consistent with their instincts, a(n) _ conditioning phenomenon called _.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Operant conditioning applies to _ and involves associations between _.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Classical conditioning applies to _ and involves associations between _.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified