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A disorder characterized by a cyclical pattern of mild mood swings,not reaching the level of full-blown manic episodes or major depressive episodes,is ________.


A) persistent depressive disorder
B) cyclothymic disorder
C) anhedonia
D) anencephaly

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Craving for carbohydrates is a feature of __________ disorder.


A) major depression
B) bipolar
C) seasonal affective
D) Persistent Depressive Disorder

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Electroconvulsive therapy is no longer used to treat depression.

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The least increase in rates of major depression has been in ___________.


A) Canada
B) Italy
C) New Zealand
D) Finland

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A multinational study of nine countries showed that rates of major depression have been ______ in Canada and elsewhere.


A) dropping
B) rising
C) levelling off
D) staying about the same

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The belief that depressed people make unrealistic demands on the people around them,leading to rejection by those people,is called ________.


A) situational theory
B) self-focus theory
C) interactional theory
D) humanistic-existential theory

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St.John's wort has been used for centuries to ________.


A) help heal wounds
B) reduce or eliminate headache pain
C) treat stomach ailments
D) help people sleep

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Each of the following is suspected of causing the increase in the suicide rate among the elderly EXCEPT ________.


A) they are worse off economically than they were in earlier decades
B) they may be avoiding the helplessness associated with disease such as Alzheimer's disease
C) today's increased tolerance of suicide as a means of "solving" problems may make it seem to be an acceptable alternative
D) loss of friends and family may decrease the quality of the person's life as time goes by

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Thoughts that seem to pop into one's mind are known as attributions.

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Interpersonal psychotherapy is a long-term form of therapy that focuses on the client's current interpersonal relationships,.

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Despite more than 40 years of use,no one yet knows how lithium works.

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Behavioural psychologists focus on helping depressed patients ________.


A) turn their anger outward and express it verbally
B) develop a positive sense of self-worth through new goals and relationships
C) expand their awareness of their authentic feelings
D) modify behaviours that contribute to depression

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Catastrophizing is a process used in which of the following cognitive distortions?


A) magnification and minimization
B) labelling and mislabelling
C) jumping to conclusions
D) mental filter

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People in a manic phase tend to speak very rapidly,with ___________.


A) rapid speech
B) accelerated speech
C) word salad
D) pressured speech

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Teenagers,who seem to be especially vulnerable to ________ effects,may even romanticize the suicidal act as one of heroic courage.


A) modelling
B) media
C) alienation
D) stress

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A major depressive disorder,if left untreated,usually lasts for ________ months or longer.


A) 1
B) 3
C) 6
D) 12

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A review of drug withdrawal studies indicates that up to ________ % of depressed persons relapse when withdrawn from antidepressant medication within two months of a treatment response.


A) 15
B) 55
C) 75
D) 95

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Lithium has been used for over 40 years in modern times and appears to work by_______.


A) disrupting the action of sodium
B) reducing the permeability of the blood-brain barrier
C) influencing serotonin production
D) We don't really know how it works.

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Discuss the use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation as a treatment for depression.

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Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimula...

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The reformulated helplessness theory holds that ________ attributions explain the persistence,or chronicity,of helplessness cognitions.


A) global
B) stable
C) external
D) internal

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