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Exam 9: Late Deterministic and Stochastic Radiation Effects on Organ Systems

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Question 1

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Studies of postpartum patients treated with ionizing radiation for relief of mastitis are a group of individuals in whom the results of radiation exposure to healthy breast tissue indicate that radiation:

A) can cause breast cancer.
B) cannot cause breast cancer.
C) can cause breast enlargement.
D) can cause breast shrinkage.

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Question 2

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Radium decays with a half-life of:

A) 8 days.
B) 50 years.
C) 500 years.
D) 1622 years

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Question 3

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Existing data on radiation-induced genetic effects in humans :

Studies of Japanese atomic bomb survivors demonstrate that the incidence of leukemia has ______ since the late 1940s and early 1950s,and the incidence of solid tumors has continued to ______ since the late 1950s and early 1960s.

Normally,mutations in genetic material occur spontaneously,without a known cause.A genetic disorder is present in approximately _______ of all live births in the United States.

What do agents such as chemicals,elevated temperatures,ionizing radiation,and viruses have in common?

In general,laboratory experiments with mice prove that cataracts may be induced with doses of ionizing radiation as low as:

Mutations in genes and DNA that occur at random as natural phenomena are called:

Genetic effects from exposure to ionizing radiation occur as a result of radiation-induced damage to the DNA molecule in which of the following? 1) Sperm of a man 2) Ova of a woman 3) Somatic cells of men and women

Today,as a result of programs stressing radiation safety education and protective devices,radiation workers employed in medical imaging:

In which of the following human populations is the risk for causing a radiation-induced cancer not directly measurable? 1) All patients in diagnostic radiology subjected to a radiation dose below 0.1 Sievert 2) Chernobyl radiation accident victims living in contaminated villages 3) Japanese atomic bomb survivors

For an accurate estimate of the number of radiation-induced leukemias and other malignancies that may occur in some of the 135,000 evacuees from the 1986 nuclear power station accident in Chernobyl,Ukraine,the exposed population must _______.

Radiation dose-response curves can be used to predict the risk of ______________ in human populations that have been exposed to low levels of ionizing radiation.

The human body can incorporate radium into bone because it is chemically similar to:

The term linear nonthreshold curve implies that the biologic response to ionizing radiation is:

After the 1986 nuclear power station accident in Chernobyl,Ukraine,an attempt was made to prevent thyroid cancer in children in Poland and some other countries as a consequence of accidental overdose of iodine-131;_______________ was administered as a substitute for take-up of iodine-131.

During the preimplantation stage of development,a radiation dose of 0.05 to 0.15 Gyt delivered to a human fertilized ovum will result in which of the following?

Uranium miners in the Colorado plateau who developed lung cancer years after exposure provide an example of which of the following?

When a prediction is made that the number of excess cancers in a given population will increase as the natural incidence of cancer increases in that population with age,the risk is described by which of the following terms?

Which of the following groups of people exposed to ionizing radiation provide proof that low-level radiation exposure produces late effects?