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Exam 8: A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes

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Question 31

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According to the moment magnitude scale (Mw) -a magnitude 8 earthquake results in 1,000 times greater amplitude than a magnitude ____________ earthquake.

A) 9
B) 5
C) 7
D) 4

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Question 32

Multiple Choice

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A fault cannot slip forever because __________ .

A) it exhibits no elastic behavior
B) once the elastic bending that has built up is released, the blocks no longer move
C) the vibration caused by the slipping eventually ceases
D) friction eventually slows and stops the movement

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Question 33

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If a fault is nearly vertical in orientation and the two walls of rock on opposite sides slide past one another horizontally,the fault is termed ____________.

Seismometers,being able to detect ground movements of a millionth of a millimeter,are useful to governments worldwide for detecting not only earthquakes,but _______________.

Periods of intermittent sliding on a fault as a result of the release of stress during episodes of displacement,followed by stress buildup to the point that the fault is reactivated,is termed ____________.

Earthquake waves that pass through the interior of Earth are termed ____________.

The intersection between a fault plane and the ground surface is called the ____________.

If,during an earthquake,a hanging wall slides upward relative to a footwall,the fault is termed ____________ if the fault is shallow (much closer to horizontal than vertical) .

Movement on a fault may occur without generating earthquakes.

Which type of seismic wave has the highest velocity?

All discovered faults are likely to experience earthquakes in the next few hundred years.

The point on Earth's surface directly above the point where an earthquake occurs is termed the ____________.

If,during an earthquake,a hanging wall slides upward relative to a footwall,the fault is termed ____________ if the fault is steep (closer to vertical than horizontal) .

Faults that have moved recently or are likely to move in the future are referred to as ____________.

Surface waves ____________.

Which type of fault does NOT,by definition,have a fault trace?

All else being equal,an earthquake that strikes in the eastern United States would produce shaking that would be felt ____________ than one that occurred in the western United States.

Why do some earthquakes last longer than others?

Which earthquake severity scale takes into account the type of rock that has been fractured?

Which earthquake severity scale varies from locality to locality for a single earthquake?