Exam 4: Hardware and Software

A) conduct a memory swap
B) create a data channel
C) cache data
D) conduct a data swap

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A) Magnetic disk
B) DVD
C) Magnetic tape
D) Optical disk

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A) hardware
B) software
C) a DSS
D) spaceware

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A) The software is coded differently from other software.
B) Users do not need to load firmware into the device's memory.
C) It is the same as cache.
D) It cannot be changed or upgraded.

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True

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The operating system is a program that controls that computer's resources.Some of the functions of an operating system are to read and write data,allocate main memory,perform memory swapping,start and stop programs,respond to error conditions,and facilitate backup and recovery.In addition,the operating system creates and manages the user interface,including the display,keyboard,mouse,and other devices.If you want to write a document or query a customer database,you need application programs.Application software performs a service or function.These programs must be licensed in addition to the operating system.Two things need to be kept in mind here.First,a particular version of an operating system is written for a particular type of hardware.Second,application programs are written to use a particular operating system.

A) USB drive
B) graphics-accelerator
C) firmware
D) thin client

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A) the CPU usage can have wild swings while working
B) the processor heats up during operation
C) saved documents can be corrupted while working
D) the contents are lost when power is off

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The CPU is the major actor in a computer.To run a program or process data,the computer first transfers the program or data from disk to main memory.Then,to execute an instruction,it moves the instruction from main memory into the CPU via the data channel or bus.The CPU has a small amount of very fast memory called a cache.The CPU keeps frequently used instructions in the cache.Main memory of the computer contains program instructions for Microsoft Excel,Adobe Acrobat,and a browser (Microsoft Internet Explorer or Mozilla Firefox).It also contains a block of data and instructions for the operating system (OS),which is a program that controls the computer's resources.Main memory is too small to hold all of the programs and data that a user might want to process.Consequently,the CPU loads programs into memory in chunks.If the user opens another program or needs to load more data the operating system will direct the CPU to attempt to place the new program or data into unused memory.If there is not enough memory,it will remove something and then it will place the just-requested program or data into the vacated space.This process is called memory swapping.

A) storage
B) main memory
C) the hard drive
D) the input device

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A) allocate main memory
B) perform memory swapping
C) query a customer database
D) respond to error conditions

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A) an application software
B) vertical-market software
C) open-source software
D) horizontal-market software

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