Question 1

The thick ascending limb of the nephron loop (loop of Henle) is almost impermeable to water,but reabsorbs sodium,potassium,and chloride ions from the filtrate.

Accepted Answer

A)  The first statement is true but the second statement is false.
B)  The first statement is false but the second statement is true.
C)  Both statements are true most of the time.
D)  Both statements are false.
E)  Both are true and relate to production of a dilute urine.

Question 2

The ________ test is often used to estimate the glomerular filtration rate.

Accepted Answer

A)  inulin
B)  glucose tolerance
C)  CBC or complete blood count
D)  SGOT
E)  creatinine clearance

Question 3

Approximately ________ liters of glomerular filtrate enter glomerular capsules each day.

Accepted Answer

A)  480
B)  180
C)  125
D)  18
E)  1) 8

Question 4

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term renal papilla?

Accepted Answer

A)  It releases renin.
B)  It creates high interstitial NaCl concentration.
C)  final urine enters here.
D)  initial filtrate enters here.
E)  It is the tip of the medullary pyramid.

Question 5

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term nephron loop (loop of Henle) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  It relies on countercurrent multiplication.
B)  It creates high interstitial NaCl concentration.
C)  It enables production of hypertonic urine.
D)  It is the site of obligatory water reabsorption.
E)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 6

Figure 26-2 The Nephron
Use Figure 26-2 to answer the following questions:
-Where would penicillin be secreted?

Accepted Answer

A)  6
B)  5
C)  4
D)  3
E)  3 and 4

Question 7

Physicians often ask for urine samples collected over a 24-hour period,rather than a single sample.Why?

Accepted Answer

Often the information needed for a diagn...

Question 8

Because of various factors-your weight gain over the last 5 years,your hereditary predisposition to heart disease that runs in your family,and an interest in getting "back to nature"-you decide to go on a vegan diet,totally restricting your intake of all meat and dairy.Because you dislike taking pills of any sort,you depend upon your vegetable intake as the source for all nutrients for your body.When explaining this to your doctor beforehand,she cautions you about the possibility of low lysine and methionine levels.What is the problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  You may be at risk for deficiency of certain essential amino acids.
B)  Your insulin levels will be very low,causing lysine and methionine levels to also be low.
C)  Plants have much more sugar and carbohydrates than meats.
D)  There are not enough vitamins in a meatless diet to make enough lysine and methionine.
E)  Plants contain less urea,uric acid,and creatinine than meats.

Question 9

Antidiuretic hormone

Accepted Answer

A)  increases the permeability of the collecting ducts to water.
B)  is secreted in response to low potassium ion in the blood.
C)  causes the kidneys to produce a larger volume of very dilute urine.
D)  is secreted by the anterior pituitary.
E)  release is insensitive to the osmolarity of interstitial fluid.

Question 10

The outermost layer of the kidney is the

Accepted Answer

A)  renal cortex.
B)  renal medulla.
C)  major calyx.
D)  fibrous capsule.
E)  renal pelvis.

Question 11

The amount of filtrate produced by the kidneys each minute is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  net filtration pressure.
B)  colloid pressure.
C)  plasma volume.
D)  kidney filtrate volume.
E)  glomerular filtration rate.

Question 12

Agents that increase urine excretion are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  diuretics.
B)  muscarinic antagonists.
C)  alpha-1 antagonists.
D)  calcium channel blockers.
E)  ADH agonists.

Question 13

You have been diagnosed with lupus erythematosus,a very severe autoimmune disorder with a wide variety of associated organ-related problems.Your doctor is particularly worried about how this will affect your kidney function.He says that you are susceptible to ________ because of the lupus.

Accepted Answer

A)  polycystic kidney
B)  glomerulonephritis
C)  cystitis
D)  diabetes
E)  renal calculi

Question 14

Calculate filtration pressure (FP) in a nephron with a glomerular hydrostatic pressure of 55 mm Hg,a blood colloid osmotic pressure of 25 mm Hg,and a capsular hydrostatic pressure of 15 mm Hg.

Accepted Answer

A)  FP = 10 mm Hg
B)  FP = 95 mm Hg
C)  FP = 55 mm Hg
D)  FP = 45 mm Hg
E)  FP = 15 mm Hg

Question 15

Typical renal blood flow is about ________ ml/min under resting conditions.

Accepted Answer

A)  500
B)  800
C)  1200
D)  1800
E)  2500

Question 16

Figure 26-2 The Nephron
Use Figure 26-2 to answer the following questions:
-Which area is sensitive to the hormone ADH?

Accepted Answer

A)  1
B)  3
C)  4
D)  5 and 6
E)  4,5,and 6

Question 17

The U-shaped segment of the nephron is the

Accepted Answer

A)  nephron loop (loop of Henle) .
B)  proximal convoluted tubule.
C)  distal convoluted tubule.
D)  collecting loop.
E)  minor calyx.

Question 18

Reabsorption of filtered glucose from the lumen in the PCT is largely by means of

Accepted Answer

A)  diffusion.
B)  facilitated diffusion.
C)  active transport.
D)  cotransport.
E)  countertransport.

Question 19

Which of the following substances are not normally found in the filtrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  chloride ions
B)  water
C)  protein
D)  urea
E)  potassium ions

Question 20

The main force that causes filtration in a nephron is

Accepted Answer

A)  blood colloid osmotic pressure.
B)  glomerular hydrostatic pressure.
C)  osmotic pressure of the urine.
D)  capsular hydrostatic pressure.
E)  reabsorption in proximal convoluted tubule pulls filtrate from blood.

Exam 26: The Urinary System

Agents that increase urine excretion are known as

Correct Answer
verified

Calculate filtration pressure (FP) in a nephron with a glomerular hydrostatic pressure of 55 mm Hg,a blood colloid osmotic pressure of 25 mm Hg,and a capsular hydrostatic pressure of 15 mm Hg.

Correct Answer
verified

Typical renal blood flow is about ________ ml/min under resting conditions.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following substances are not normally found in the filtrate?

Correct Answer
verified

The ________ test is often used to estimate the glomerular filtration rate.

Correct Answer
verified

The main force that causes filtration in a nephron is

Correct Answer
verified

Antidiuretic hormone

Correct Answer
verified

The amount of filtrate produced by the kidneys each minute is called the

Correct Answer
verified

The thick ascending limb of the nephron loop (loop of Henle) is almost impermeable to water,but reabsorbs sodium,potassium,and chloride ions from the filtrate.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term renal papilla?

Correct Answer
verified

Reabsorption of filtered glucose from the lumen in the PCT is largely by means of

Correct Answer
verified

Figure 26-2 The Nephron Use Figure 26-2 to answer the following questions: -Which area is sensitive to the hormone ADH?

Correct Answer
verified

Approximately ________ liters of glomerular filtrate enter glomerular capsules each day.

Correct Answer
verified

Physicians often ask for urine samples collected over a 24-hour period,rather than a single sample.Why?

Correct Answer
verified
Often the information needed for a diagn...
View Answer

The U-shaped segment of the nephron is the

Correct Answer
verified

Figure 26-2 The Nephron Use Figure 26-2 to answer the following questions: -Where would penicillin be secreted?

Correct Answer
verified

The outermost layer of the kidney is the

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term nephron loop (loop of Henle) ?

Correct Answer
verified

You have been diagnosed with lupus erythematosus,a very severe autoimmune disorder with a wide variety of associated organ-related problems.Your doctor is particularly worried about how this will affect your kidney function.He says that you are susceptible to ________ because of the lupus.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 26: The Urinary System

Agents that increase urine excretion are known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Calculate filtration pressure (FP) in a nephron with a glomerular hydrostatic pressure of 55 mm Hg,a blood colloid osmotic pressure of 25 mm Hg,and a capsular hydrostatic pressure of 15 mm Hg.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Typical renal blood flow is about ________ ml/min under resting conditions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following substances are not normally found in the filtrate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ________ test is often used to estimate the glomerular filtration rate.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The main force that causes filtration in a nephron is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antidiuretic hormone

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The amount of filtrate produced by the kidneys each minute is called the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The thick ascending limb of the nephron loop (loop of Henle) is almost impermeable to water,but reabsorbs sodium,potassium,and chloride ions from the filtrate.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term renal papilla?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reabsorption of filtered glucose from the lumen in the PCT is largely by means of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 26-2 The Nephron Use Figure 26-2 to answer the following questions: -Which area is sensitive to the hormone ADH?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Approximately ________ liters of glomerular filtrate enter glomerular capsules each day.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Physicians often ask for urine samples collected over a 24-hour period,rather than a single sample.Why?

Correct AnswerverifiedOften the information needed for a diagn...View AnswerShow Answer

The U-shaped segment of the nephron is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 26-2 The Nephron Use Figure 26-2 to answer the following questions: -Where would penicillin be secreted?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The outermost layer of the kidney is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term nephron loop (loop of Henle) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You have been diagnosed with lupus erythematosus,a very severe autoimmune disorder with a wide variety of associated organ-related problems.Your doctor is particularly worried about how this will affect your kidney function.He says that you are susceptible to ________ because of the lupus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Often the information needed for a diagn...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified