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Exam 6: Pages of Earth S Past: Sedimentary Rocks

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Question 21

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________ basins contain the largest accumulation of marine sediments.

A) Rift
B) Passive-margin
C) Foreland
D) Intracontinental

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Question 22

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Sedimentary basins are often subject to ________,which allows them to fill with thick accumulations of sediments.

A) erosion
B) diagenesis
C) uplift
D) subsidence

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Question 23

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If a geologist finds thick accumulations of fossiliferous limestone,in what type of basin might they have been formed?

Clastic sedimentary rocks are primarily classified on the basis of ________.

The elevation of a mountain is slowly decreased by weathering and ________.

Sea level rises locally,and marine sediments are deposited on top of terrestrial sediments during events termed ________.

Lithification,the process by which sediments are turned into sedimentary rocks,includes ________.

Consult the figure below.Here,distinct internal laminations are inclined at an angle to the boundary of the main sedimentary layers.This is termed ________.

A gravel bar in a river is an example of a landform created by ________.

Large layers of cross-bedded sand can be indicative of a ________ environment.

Shallow-marine deposits tend to have abundant fossils due to their proximity to ________.

The image below shows an outcrop of coarse-grained sedimentary rock.Note the rock hammer for scale.What is the name of this rock type?

Cemented shells of marine organisms form which kind of sedimentary rock?

Which of the following does NOT reflect transport distance?

As compared with metamorphism,diagenesis ________.

Geologists call individual layers of sedimentary rocks ________,whereas several of them together are called ________.

Limestone can be either a biochemical or a chemical sedimentary rock.Explain how both types of limestone are formed.Make sure to describe the environments in which they were formed.

A fine-grained clastic sedimentary rock that splits into thin sheets is ________.

Describe the depositional environment that formed the layers shown in the image below.

What traits would a clastic sedimentary rock have if it had traveled far from its source and was carried in a current with uniform energy? What environment would this be?