Question 1

Hormone therapy __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   decreases the risks of breast and lung cancer
B)   reduces the physical discomforts of menopause
C)   has few, if any, negative consequences
D)   decreases the risks of heart attack and stroke

Question 2

Because older adults find ways to compensate for cognitive slowing on familiar tasks,their reaction time __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   is considerably better on verbal items than on nonverbal items
B)   is somewhat better on nonverbal items than on verbal items
C)   cannot be improved through training
D)   is slower on familiar tasks than on unfamiliar tasks

Question 3

Middle-aged college students __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   simply reinforce negative stereotypes of aging
B)   are outperformed by younger students academically
C)   require more assistance than their younger classmates
D)   provide valuable intergenerational contact

Question 4

Janet has cardiovascular disease.Her doctor detected high blood pressure and high blood cholesterol.To relieve arterial blockage,Janet had __________,a procedure in which a surgeon threaded a needle-thin catheter into her arteries and inflated a balloon at its tip.

Accepted Answer

A)   angioplasty
B)   bypass surgery
C)   a pacemaker implantation
D)   angina pectoris

Question 5

Which individual is most likely to maintain mental abilities well into late adulthood?

Accepted Answer

A)   Andre, a retired lawyer who has been married for 40 years to a college professor
B)   Ingrid, an always single, retired school secretary who has had bypass surgery
C)   Fawn, a retired factory worker who was married three times and is now single
D)   Samson, a physically active retired construction worker who recently remarried

Question 6

Saul,age 62,has an eye condition.Its name literally means "old eyes." Saul has __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   glaucoma
B)   presbycusis
C)   macular degeneration
D)   presbyopia

Question 7

Longitudinal research shows that from the twenties on,__________ decreases steadily.

Accepted Answer

A)   verbal ability
B)   inductive reasoning
C)   perceptual speed
D)   numeric ability

Question 8

Middle-aged adults tend to be rational decision makers because they __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   use practical problem-solving strategies
B)   engage in emotion-based problem solving
C)   select the most attractive-looking options
D)   tend to rely on the expertise of colleagues

Question 9

Which individual is most likely to be at the peak of creative accomplishment?

Accepted Answer

A)   Tiesha, age 26
B)   Cecil, age 31
C)   Shaunte, age 42
D)   Delbert, age 57

Question 10

Which statement is true about age-related changes in mental abilities?

Accepted Answer

A)   Many early cross-sectional studies showed an age-related increase in cognitive functioning.
B)   Cross-sectional research from the 1950s revealed modest decreases in mental abilities in midlife.
C)   Testing of college students and soldiers in the 1920s revealed an increase in intelligence in midlife.
D)   When adults are followed longitudinally, their verbal scores rise during early adulthood and decline in midlife.

Question 11

Chrissy regards most experiences as controllable.She displays a committed approach to daily activities and views change as a normal part of life and a chance for personal growth.Chrissy fits the pattern of a __________ individual.

Accepted Answer

A)   Type A
B)   Type B
C)   pessimistic
D)   hardy

Question 12

Why do some individuals decline intellectually with age much earlier than others? What factors are linked to favorable cognitive development in adulthood?

Accepted Answer

Some adults,because of illness or unfavo...

Question 13

Cancer death rates increase sharply as __________ decreases.

Accepted Answer

A)   age
B)   SES
C)   stress
D)   toxin exposure

Question 14

In a study involving nearly 600 men and women,participants who described their view of menopause as a(n) __________ made more negative statements than the other contexts.

Accepted Answer

A)   life transition
B)   symbol of aging
C)   medical problem
D)   elevation of social status

Question 15

In an investigation of World War II veterans,those scoring lower in IQ in early adulthood __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   benefited the least from jobs that continuously presented complex, novel tasks
B)   derived greater long-term benefits from jobs that were less mentally stimulating
C)   derived greater long-term benefits from an intellectually demanding vocation
D)   benefited the most from jobs that demanded physical strength and dexterity

Question 16

High-hardy individuals are likely to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   use active, problem-centered coping strategies in situations they can control
B)   use emotion-centered and avoidant coping strategies in most situations
C)   avoid seeking social support because they believe they can solve problems independently
D)   deny that a stressful event occurred, or eat and drink to forget about it

Question 17

Intelligence test items reflecting fluid abilities include __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   vocabulary
B)   general information
C)   verbal comprehension
D)   spatial visualization

Question 18

The changes involved in women's fertility decline occur gradually over a 10-year period,during which __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the production of estrogen drops and menstrual cycles become irregular
B)   the production of estrogen increases and menstrual cycles become irregular
C)   monthly cycles gradually increase in length until menstruation stops altogether
D)   menstrual cycles become irregular and the reproductive organs increase in size

Question 19

Mounting evidence indicates that in healthy older adults,__________ predict(s) decrements in reaction time and other cognitive abilities.

Accepted Answer

A)   faster information processing
B)   extent of myelin breakdown
C)   faster working-memory
D)   increases in perceptual speed

Question 20

As processing speed slows,__________.

Accepted Answer

A)   attention heightens
B)   working memory improves
C)   executive function declines
D)   verbal IQ decreases

Exam 15: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Which individual is most likely to be at the peak of creative accomplishment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Because older adults find ways to compensate for cognitive slowing on familiar tasks,their reaction time __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cancer death rates increase sharply as __________ decreases.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As processing speed slows,__________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why do some individuals decline intellectually with age much earlier than others? What factors are linked to favorable cognitive development in adulthood?

Correct AnswerverifiedSome adults,because of illness or unfavo...View AnswerShow Answer

Saul,age 62,has an eye condition.Its name literally means "old eyes." Saul has __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a study involving nearly 600 men and women,participants who described their view of menopause as a(n) __________ made more negative statements than the other contexts.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

High-hardy individuals are likely to __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chrissy regards most experiences as controllable.She displays a committed approach to daily activities and views change as a normal part of life and a chance for personal growth.Chrissy fits the pattern of a __________ individual.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Janet has cardiovascular disease.Her doctor detected high blood pressure and high blood cholesterol.To relieve arterial blockage,Janet had __________,a procedure in which a surgeon threaded a needle-thin catheter into her arteries and inflated a balloon at its tip.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hormone therapy __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Middle-aged adults tend to be rational decision makers because they __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is true about age-related changes in mental abilities?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Middle-aged college students __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mounting evidence indicates that in healthy older adults,__________ predict(s) decrements in reaction time and other cognitive abilities.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The changes involved in women's fertility decline occur gradually over a 10-year period,during which __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which individual is most likely to maintain mental abilities well into late adulthood?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Longitudinal research shows that from the twenties on,__________ decreases steadily.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Intelligence test items reflecting fluid abilities include __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In an investigation of World War II veterans,those scoring lower in IQ in early adulthood __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Some adults,because of illness or unfavo...
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