Describes actions undertaken by prosecutors that give the government an unfair advantage or that prejudice the rights of a defendant or a witness
A rule of conduct, generally found enacted in the form of a statute, which proscribes or mandates certain forms of behavior
A legal defense in which the defendant claims that some personal condition or circumstance at the time of the act was such that he or she should not be held accountable under the criminal law
A common law and constitutional prohibition against a second trial for the same offense
An improper or illegal inducement to crime by agents of law enforcement. Also, a defense that may be raised when such inducements have occurred.
Evidence and arguments offered by a defendant and his or her attorney to show why the defendant should not be held liable for a criminal charge
A defense based on claims of a mental condition that may be insufficient to exonerate the defendant of guilt but that may be relevant to specific mental elements of certain crimes or degrees of crime
A statement or contention by an individual charged with a crime that he or she was so distant when the crime was committed, or so engaged in other provable activities, that his or her participation in the commission of that crime was impossible
A legal principle that ensures that previous judicial decisions are authoritatively considered and incorporated into future cases
A legal defense in which the defendant admits to committing the act in question but claims it was necessary in order to avoid some greater evil