Question 1

What causes the swollen belly associated with kwashiorkor?

Accepted Answer

A)  a high-protein diet that causes fluid buildup
B)  lack of protein to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance
C)  excess hydration
D)  excess fat buildup in adipose tissue

Question 2

The genetic disorder caused by a single amino acid error in hemoglobin is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  phenylketonuria (PKU) .
B)  cystic fibrosis.
C)  sickle cell anemia.
D)  marasmus.

Question 3

The specific sequence of amino acids that make up the individual proteins in your body is determined by:

Accepted Answer

A)  the level of phospholipids in the blood.
B)  the amount of blood glucose.
C)  the pH balance of blood.
D)  your unique genetic makeup.

Question 4

What characteristic of the proteins that form red blood cells allows them to change shape and flow freely through the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  spherical shape
B)  globular shape
C)  long,narrow shape
D)  lack of quaternary structure

Question 5

The body supplies a finite supply of proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Protein digestion begins in the mouth by the enzyme amylase.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Alkalosis is a condition in which the pH of the blood becomes too acidic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

A condition called ________ results when the blood becomes too acidic due to the accumulation of hydrogen.

Accepted Answer

A)  marasmus
B)  kwashiorkor
C)  alkalosis
D)  acidosis

Question 9

What element makes protein different from carbohydrate and fat?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon
B)  hydrogen
C)  oxygen
D)  nitrogen

Question 10

Hydrochloric acid converts the inactive pepsinogen into its active form pepsin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Milk curdles when lemon juice is added to it.The change that occurs in the protein is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  denaturation.
B)  translocation.
C)  transcription.
D)  deamination.

Question 12

Essential amino acids are more important to the human body than nonessential amino acids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Researchers have studied athletes who consumed a high-protein diet to determine if high protein intake damages the kidneys.Based on a review of these studies,what recommendation can be MOST inferred regarding protein intake for healthy adults?

Accepted Answer

A)  Daily protein intake of no more than 2 g per kg body weight is safe.
B)  Daily protein intake of up to 4 g per kg body weight is safe.
C)  To avoid kidney damage,do not exceed the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RD
A)  for protein.
D)  To avoid kidney damage,keep daily protein intake below 0.5 g per kg body weight.

Question 14

Diets high in protein are associated with low blood cholesterol levels.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

For someone with phenylketonuria (PKU),the nonessential amino acid tyrosine becomes an essential amino acid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

When the body experiences alkalosis,how do proteins help restore the acid-base balance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Proteins speed the transfer of amine groups to new acid groups and side chains.
B)  Proteins uncoil and lose their shape.
C)  Proteins attract hydrogen ions and neutralize their effects.
D)  Proteins release hydrogen into the blood.

Question 17

Most enzymes are composed of:

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrates.
B)  fats.
C)  proteins.
D)  cholesterol.

Question 18

Explain the difference between essential and nonessential amino acids.How many of each are there? Identify and describe two essential and two nonessential amino acids.What does the term "conditionally essential" mean? Give an example.

Accepted Answer

Essential amino acids are amino acids th...

Question 19

How does the shape of proteins in muscle fibers affect their function?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are globular and can change shape to increase muscle mass.
B)  They are long,allowing muscle fibers to contract and relax.
C)  They are short,helping muscle fibers build up in response to weight-bearing exercise.
D)  They are wide,giving muscle fibers great tensile strength.

Question 20

Maria is a reasonably healthy 19-year-old college student who is sedentary.She is 5' 8" tall and weighs 145 pounds.How many grams of protein would you recommend she consume each day?

Accepted Answer

A)  45 grams
B)  53 grams
C)  65 grams
D)  73 grams

Exam 10: Proteins: Crucial Components of All Body Tissues

Hydrochloric acid converts the inactive pepsinogen into its active form pepsin.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Alkalosis is a condition in which the pH of the blood becomes too acidic.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When the body experiences alkalosis,how do proteins help restore the acid-base balance?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers have studied athletes who consumed a high-protein diet to determine if high protein intake damages the kidneys.Based on a review of these studies,what recommendation can be MOST inferred regarding protein intake for healthy adults?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What characteristic of the proteins that form red blood cells allows them to change shape and flow freely through the blood?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What element makes protein different from carbohydrate and fat?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The body supplies a finite supply of proteins.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most enzymes are composed of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Milk curdles when lemon juice is added to it.The change that occurs in the protein is called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For someone with phenylketonuria (PKU),the nonessential amino acid tyrosine becomes an essential amino acid.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What causes the swollen belly associated with kwashiorkor?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A condition called ________ results when the blood becomes too acidic due to the accumulation of hydrogen.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The genetic disorder caused by a single amino acid error in hemoglobin is called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Maria is a reasonably healthy 19-year-old college student who is sedentary.She is 5' 8" tall and weighs 145 pounds.How many grams of protein would you recommend she consume each day?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The specific sequence of amino acids that make up the individual proteins in your body is determined by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Essential amino acids are more important to the human body than nonessential amino acids.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Protein digestion begins in the mouth by the enzyme amylase.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain the difference between essential and nonessential amino acids.How many of each are there? Identify and describe two essential and two nonessential amino acids.What does the term "conditionally essential" mean? Give an example.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIEssential amino acids are amino acids th...View AnswerShow Answer

How does the shape of proteins in muscle fibers affect their function?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Diets high in protein are associated with low blood cholesterol levels.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Essential amino acids are amino acids th...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified