Question 1

Why do action potentials only travel down the axon and not the other direction?

Accepted Answer

A)   An area where an action potential just occurred is still in a refractory period.
B)   Resting potentials change with direction of the nerve impulse.
C)   Sodium-potassium pumps only act in one direction.
D)   Actions potential do not cause depolarization.

Question 2

GABA is thought of as an inhibitory neurotransmitter because:

Accepted Answer

A)   GABA counteracts the excitatory effects of glutamate.
B)   GABA's chemical structure inhibits cell function.
C)   GABA receptors cause inhibitory effects.
D)   GABA's receptors are metabotropic.

Question 3

What effect on a neuron's resting potential would a drug that stop sodium-potassium pump activity likely have?

Accepted Answer

A)   The neuron's resting potential would be unaffected.
B)   The neuron's resting potential would become hyperpolarized due to decreasing in potassium ions.
C)   The neuron's resting potential would become depolarized due to a increase in sodium ions.
D)   The neuron would not be able to produce an action potential.

Question 4

Neurotransmitters may also bind to receptors outside of the synapse,a process called _____________ neurotransmission

Accepted Answer

The answer of Neurotransmitters may also bind to receptors outside...

Question 5

Where does the synthesis of large neurotransmitter molecules typically occur?

Accepted Answer

A)   Postsynaptic terminal
B)   Axon terminal
C)   Soma
D)   Vesicle

Question 6

Channels that open or close depending on local potential changes are called:

Accepted Answer

A)   voltage-gated ion channels.
B)   depolarization channels.
C)   sodium-potassium pumps.
D)   ligand-gated ion channels.

Question 7

The activation of a neurotransmitter receptor is another way of stating that:

Accepted Answer

A)   a neurotransmitter is bound to a receptor.
B)   a conformational change occurred to the receptor.
C)   an excitatory postsynaptic potential occurred.
D)   exocytosis occurred.

Question 8

All of the following is true for glutamate except:

Accepted Answer

A)   Ionotropic receptors allow positively charged ions into the neuron.
B)   All of the receptors for glutamate produce excitatory effects.
C)   Glutamate is released from pyramidal neurons.
D)   Glutamate is the most prominent excitatory neurotransmitter.

Question 9

Why might a researcher wish to design a drug that inhibited autoreceptors for a particular neurotransmitter?

Accepted Answer

A)   To decrease release of the neurotransmitter from the axon terminal
B)   To increase release of the neurotransmitter from the axon terminal
C)   To automatically activate postsynaptic receptors
D)   To reduce synthesis of the neurotransmitter

Question 10

A(n) _______________ is an enzyme that causes phosphorylation of a substrate protein.

Accepted Answer

A)   G-protein
B)   substrate protein
C)   protein kinase
D)   effector enzyme

Question 11

Large molecule neurotransmitters are typical transported into vesicles in the:

Accepted Answer

A)   axon terminal.
B)   soma.
C)   postsynaptic terminal.
D)   axon hillock.

Question 12

List and describe the steps occurring in neurotransmission

Accepted Answer

1.Synthesis of neurotransmitters 2.Actio...

Question 13

The number of action potentials occurring per unit of time is referred to as the:

Accepted Answer

A)   sodium-potassium pumping rate
B)   propagation of action potentials.
C)   firing rate.
D)   action potential magnitude.

Question 14

The binding of a neurotransmitter causes a _____________ change in the receptor to occur.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The binding of a neurotransmitter causes a...

Question 15

Calcium causes _____________,the fusing of synaptic vesicles to the axon membrane and release of stored neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft

Accepted Answer

The answer of Calcium causes _____________,the fusing of synaptic vesicles...

Question 16

An excitatory postsynaptic potential hyperpolarizes a local potential.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Depolarization means that the charge inside a cell approaches the charge outside of the cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of a concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ions flowing through a barrier with selective permeability.
B)   Ions flowing from to an area with an opposite electrical charge.
C)   Ions flowing from an area of high concentration to low concentration.
D)   Ions increasing in concentration in a graded manner.

Question 19

Why does an action potential only reach a particular value?

Accepted Answer

A)   Potassium channels close
B)   Sodium channels close
C)   Excitatory postsynaptic potentials cease
D)   Sodium-potassium pump activity resumes

Question 20

Compare and contrast ionotropic and metabotropic receptors.

Accepted Answer

Physical proximity to parts of neuron wh...

Exam 3: Neurotransmission

Why might a researcher wish to design a drug that inhibited autoreceptors for a particular neurotransmitter?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An excitatory postsynaptic potential hyperpolarizes a local potential.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Channels that open or close depending on local potential changes are called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why does an action potential only reach a particular value?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Large molecule neurotransmitters are typical transported into vesicles in the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following is true for glutamate except:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The number of action potentials occurring per unit of time is referred to as the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of a concentration gradient?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Calcium causes _____________,the fusing of synaptic vesicles to the axon membrane and release of stored neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Neurotransmitters may also bind to receptors outside of the synapse,a process called _____________ neurotransmission

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Where does the synthesis of large neurotransmitter molecules typically occur?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

List and describe the steps occurring in neurotransmission

Correct Answerverified1.Synthesis of neurotransmitters 2.Actio...View AnswerShow Answer

Depolarization means that the charge inside a cell approaches the charge outside of the cell.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compare and contrast ionotropic and metabotropic receptors.

Correct AnswerverifiedPhysical proximity to parts of neuron wh...View AnswerShow Answer

The activation of a neurotransmitter receptor is another way of stating that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why do action potentials only travel down the axon and not the other direction?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A(n) _______________ is an enzyme that causes phosphorylation of a substrate protein.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

GABA is thought of as an inhibitory neurotransmitter because:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What effect on a neuron's resting potential would a drug that stop sodium-potassium pump activity likely have?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The binding of a neurotransmitter causes a _____________ change in the receptor to occur.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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1.Synthesis of neurotransmitters 2.Actio...
View Answer

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Physical proximity to parts of neuron wh...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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