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According to research on gender dysphoria,


A) a biological predisposition contributes approximately 60% to the cause.
B) environment and genetics contribute equally to the cause.
C) it cannot be determined, as yet, regarding the extent of the genetic and environmental contributions to the cause.
D) there is a specific set of genes that seem to contribute most to the cause.

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According to results reported in your textbook, what is the percentage of women who successfully overcome vaginismus?


A) Less than 30
B) 30 to 45
C) 50 to 75
D) 80 to 100

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Sandra and Jim have been happily married for several years. Sandra reports that she reaches orgasm from intercourse only about half the time and wonders if something is "wrong" with her. Sandra should


A) seek treatment for inhibited orgasm disorder.
B) have a medical exam.
C) realize that her inhibited orgasm problem means that she doesn't really love Jim.
D) realize that this is not unusual for women and can work on achieving orgasm with her partner, Jim.

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The specific treatment found effective in the treatment of female orgasmic disorder is


A) antianxiety medication.
B) sensate focus.
C) training in masturbatory procedures.
D) increased sexual relations.

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Greg and Diana often begin their sexual activity with Greg putting on a striptease show for Diana. They both report great satisfaction and excitement with this activity. In fact, Greg says that he gets aroused by exposing himself, and Diana reports getting aroused when she watches him undress. Which of the following statements is true?


A) Greg is an exhibitionist, and Diana is a voyeur.
B) Greg has gender dysphoria, and Diana has a fetishistic disorder.
C) Both Diana and Greg have nonspecific fetishes because they admit to getting sexually excited by their atypical behaviors.
D) Neither Greg nor Diana should be diagnosed with an exhibitionist or voyeuristic disorder because these behaviors involve consenting individuals.

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Psychophysiological assessment of sexual dysfunction is generally conducted by


A) using a device that measures physical arousal during exposure to an erotic video or audio recording.
B) asking patients to keep a diary of their sexual activities.
C) a physician during a medical exam.
D) using a device that measures brain waves during exposure to an erotic video or audio recording.

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________ are individuals who receive a sexual thrill from inflicting pain on others, and ________ are individuals who receive a sexual thrill from receiving physical pain.


A) Sadists; masochists
B) Masochists; sadists
C) Transvestites; paraphiliacs
D) Paraphiliacs; transvestites

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Research regarding sexual orientation suggests that homosexuality is


A) purely genetic.
B) completely caused by biological factors.
C) based on learning and choice only.
D) influenced by biological/genetic, psychological, and social factors.

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The penile strain gauge and the vaginal photoplethysmograph are both used


A) in the psychophysiological assessment of sexual functioning.
B) to treat sexual disorders.
C) as part of the interview process for couples with sexual dysfunctions.
D) in sex therapy sessions.

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Of the following, the individual who would most likely be diagnosed with gender dysphoria is


A) Joe, who gets sexually aroused by wearing women's bras.
B) Lisa, who is a lesbian and has many traditional masculine traits.
C) Mark, who feels like a woman trapped in a man's body.
D) Sid, who can only become sexually aroused while dressed like a woman.

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The percentage of identical (monozygotic) twins in which both twins are homosexual is 50%. This means


A) homosexuality is determined by genetics.
B) genes are only one influence for sexual orientation.
C) family relationships determine sexual orientation.
D) genes are not an influence for sexual orientation.

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Of the various hypothesized influences of paraphilia, the ones that we know the least about involve


A) biological influences such as genetics and neurotransmitters.
B) reinforced but inappropriate masturbatory fantasies.
C) social influences such as inadequate development of social skills.
D) paradoxical effects of repeated attempts to suppress unwanted arousal.

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Describe Masters and Johnson's approach to sex therapy.

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Masters and Johnson introduced sensate f...

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All of the following drugs EXCEPT ________ are used as "chemical castration" for paraphilics.


A) sildenafil
B) Depo-Provera
C) cyproterone acetate
D) antiandrogens

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Patients undergoing the procedure called orgasmic reconditioning are instructed to


A) masturbate to their usual fantasies but to substitute more desirable ones just before ejaculation.
B) masturbate to their usual fantasies but substitute images of the consequences associated with their behavior (such as getting caught, hurting someone else, etc.) just before ejaculation.
C) substitute images of the consequences associated with their behavior (such as getting caught, hurting someone else, etc.) every time they feel aroused by thoughts of their inappropriate desires.
D) watch video tapes of normal adult sexuality repeatedly until such images result in arousal.

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Features of gender dysphoria include all of the following EXCEPT


A) strong and persistent cross-gender identification.
B) persistent discomfort with his or her sex.
C) strong homosexual urges.
D) belief that he or she was born the wrong sex.

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Most instances of rape


A) are committed by those with a paraphilic disorder.
B) are better characterized as an assault than by an act of sexual desire.
C) are sadistic.
D) are opportunistic.

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Sexual arousal disorders are diagnosed when there is an


A) inability to achieve or maintain an erection in males or a lack of desire for sex in females.
B) inability to achieve or maintain an erection in males or a lack of orgasm in females.
C) inability to achieve orgasm for either gender despite erection in males or lubrication in females.
D) inability to achieve or maintain an erection in males or a lack of lubrication in females.

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What does alcohol do for sexual arousal and behavior?


A) It facilitates them, but only in specific environments.
B) It suppresses them.
C) It facilitates arousal but inhibits behaviors.
D) It reduces inhibition but suppresses arousal.

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Which surgery is used to alter anatomy physically in order to be consistent with gender identity?


A) Plastic surgery
B) Vaginoplasty
C) Hormone transplant
D) Sex reassignment surgery

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