Question 1

An increase in the capacity of working memory contributes to improved comprehension.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Reading rhymes to children increases their phonological awareness.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

"Sounding out" words

Accepted Answer

A)  is more common in older readers than in beginning readers.
B)  is commonly done by beginning readers.
C)  hinders reading ability.
D)  involves recognizing words through direct retrieval from long-term memory

Question 4

In means-ends analysis,a person determines the difference between the current and desired situations,then does something to reduce the difference.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The stable-order principle states that number names must be counted in the same order.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following statements about learning to count is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Once children can apply the one-to-one,the stable-order,and the cardinality principles they will count like adults.
B)  Learning to count beyond nine is easier than learning to count up to nine.
C)  When there are limits to how far a child knows how to count,the child will usually stop counting at a number ending in 0.
D)  Learning to count beyond 10 is easier in English than in other languages.

Question 7

The time preschool children spend watching Sesame Street predicts their grades in high school and the amount of time they spend reading as adolescents.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following is a factor that contributes to improved reading comprehension with age?

Accepted Answer

A)  Children's knowledge of their world increases so they understand more of what they read.
B)  Working memory capacity decreases which makes identifying propositions more difficult.
C)  Younger readers are more likely to reread passages that they find confusing or difficult.
D)  Younger readers are better able to select a reading strategy that fits the material being read.

Question 9

A script is a memory structure that describes a sequence in which events occur.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

According to Gelman and Meck (1986) ,the one-to-one principle,the stable-order principle,and the cardinality principle are usually mastered by

Accepted Answer

A)  five months of age.
B)  one year of age.
C)  three years of age.
D)  five years of age.

Question 11

Charlie is in Grade 2 and his teacher has asked him to write an autobiography.Which of the following will likely be TRUE about Charlie's writing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Charlie will keep revising his story until he likes his final draft.
B)  If Charlie does revise his autobiography,it will be much improved.
C)  Charlie will be able to identify problems with his writing and will be able to correct them.
D)  Charlie's first draft will likely be his final draft.

Question 12

Infants are able to distinguish differences in quantity because

Accepted Answer

A)  they are able to count objects.
B)  adults tell them how many objects there are.
C)  their perceptual system is sensitive to quantity as a characteristic of stimuli.
D)  they understand the one-to-one principle.

Question 13

Infantile amnesia

Accepted Answer

A)  means that adults can remember many events that occurred in their lives before the age of three years.
B)  means that infants are not able to form memories.
C)  may be related to the young child's well-developed sense of self.
D)  may be related to an individual's changing language ability.

Question 14

________ transform the information in a problem into mental representation

Accepted Answer

A)  Decoding processes
B)  Encoding processes
C)  Mental strategies
D)  Automatic processes

Question 15

Preschoolers in the Sam Stone studies were most likely to be misled when they were exposed to a stereotype about Sam and were questioned using suggestive questions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Four-year-old Heather is repeatedly questioned about an incident on the playground where a stranger approached her.She is likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  have no memory of the incident.
B)  confuse what really happened with what others suggest may have happened.
C)  clearly differentiate between what really happened and what others suggest may have happened.
D)  believe that adult questioners are deliberately trying to confuse her when they suggest something other than what she reported may actually have happened.

Question 17

By four years of age,most youngsters can count to 20.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

A baby who pulls a cloth toward herself to achieve the main goal of grabbing a toy is demonstrating

Accepted Answer

A)  means-ends analysis.
B)  memory.
C)  object permanence.
D)  automatic processes.

Question 19

You are teaching Grade 4 science to a group of 9- and 10-year-old students.What can you expect from them with regards to the scientific method,and are there things that you,as the teacher,can do to help your students improve their scientific reasoning?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will be similar to the fol...

Question 20

Young children can't plan,even if they are asked to and the problem is not too complex.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 7: Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

An increase in the capacity of working memory contributes to improved comprehension.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Preschoolers in the Sam Stone studies were most likely to be misled when they were exposed to a stereotype about Sam and were questioned using suggestive questions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ transform the information in a problem into mental representation

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Infants are able to distinguish differences in quantity because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Infantile amnesia

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In means-ends analysis,a person determines the difference between the current and desired situations,then does something to reduce the difference.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A script is a memory structure that describes a sequence in which events occur.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The time preschool children spend watching Sesame Street predicts their grades in high school and the amount of time they spend reading as adolescents.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Young children can't plan,even if they are asked to and the problem is not too complex.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A baby who pulls a cloth toward herself to achieve the main goal of grabbing a toy is demonstrating

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a factor that contributes to improved reading comprehension with age?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

"Sounding out" words

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Charlie is in Grade 2 and his teacher has asked him to write an autobiography.Which of the following will likely be TRUE about Charlie's writing?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Four-year-old Heather is repeatedly questioned about an incident on the playground where a stranger approached her.She is likely to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Gelman and Meck (1986) ,the one-to-one principle,the stable-order principle,and the cardinality principle are usually mastered by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

By four years of age,most youngsters can count to 20.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The stable-order principle states that number names must be counted in the same order.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about learning to count is TRUE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reading rhymes to children increases their phonological awareness.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are teaching Grade 4 science to a group of 9- and 10-year-old students.What can you expect from them with regards to the scientific method,and are there things that you,as the teacher,can do to help your students improve their scientific reasoning?

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A good answer will be similar to the fol...
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