Question 1

Which of the following is not true of influenza?

Accepted Answer

A)  Influenza has glycoprotein spikes of hemagglutinin (H)  and neuraminidase (N) .
B)  Antigenic drift changes the antigens to reduce immune recognition.
C)  Antigenic shift causes changes in the RNA strands.
D)  Influenza B viruses undergo both antigenic drift and antigenic shift.
E)  H5N1 is the bird flu strain that may cause a pandemic.

Question 2

The enzyme associated with the influenza virus that hydrolyzes the protective mucous coating of the respiratory tract is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  catalase
B)  reverse transcriptase
C)  hyaluronidase
D)  neuraminidase
E)  kinase

Question 3

Which of the following is not part of the lower respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alveoli
B)  Bronchi
C)  Bronchioles
D)  Trachea
E)  Sinuses

Question 4

In addition to antimicrobials, patients with diphtheria are treated with ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  antitoxin
B)  tracheostomy
C)  heart medication
D)  bronchoscopy
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 5

The primary transmission route for acquiring agents of the common cold is by contact with hands and fomites contaminated with the nasal discharges of an infected person.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Influenza virus can exhibit constant mutation of viral glycoproteins, called antigenic ________, or alternatively antigenic ________, which is a more serious phenomenon caused by the exchange of a viral gene with that of another influenza virus strain.

Accepted Answer

A)  drift; exchange
B)  exchange; drift
C)  drift; shift
D)  shift; drift

Question 7

Which is not correct about Mycobacterium species?

Accepted Answer

A)  All species are human pathogens.
B)  Cell walls have waxy lipids.
C)   It is an acid-fast bacterium.
D)   It exhibits a very slow growth rate.
E)   Cells appear as long, slender rods via microscopy.

Question 8

Infection travels to the middle ear by way of the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  auditory canal
B)  sinuses
C)  nasal cavity
D)  eustachian (auditory)  tubes
E)  subarachnoid space

Question 9

The most common causative agent of otitis media is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  Aspergillus fumigatus
B)  Haemophilus influenzae
C)  Candida albicans
D)  Corynebacterium diphtheriae
E)  Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 10

A paroxysmal cough is associated with Legionnaires'disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Of the six Category A diseases listed by the U.S.Public Health Service, which affect/s the respiratory tract?

Accepted Answer

A)  Botulism
B)  Pneumonic plague
C)  Tularemia
D)  Smallpox
E)  Both pneumonic plague and tularemia are correct.

Question 12

Which of the following is not part of the upper respiratory tract?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mouth
B)  Nasal cavity
C)  Trachea
D)  Pharynx
E)  Larynx

Question 13

Superantigens

Accepted Answer

A)  include streptolysin O.
B)  include erythrogenic toxin.
C)  induce production of tumor necrosis factor.
D)  are potent stimulators of T cells.
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 14

Which of the following statements is false regarding RSV?

Accepted Answer

A)  While RSV is most prevalent in infants 6 months of age and younger, the highest mortality rate is in those children with underlying risk factors such as prematurity.
B)  Infants aged 6 months and younger are the most susceptible to infection by RSV; however, adults and older children can also become infected with this virus.
C)  RSV infects infants aged 6 months and younger; it is unlikely that a 4-year-old would develop a respiratory disease as a result of this virus.
D)  Although RSV is most prevalent in infants aged 6 months and younger, usually by age 2 most children have been exposed to this virus.

Question 15

The most common type of virus leading to rhinitis is _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  coronavirus
B)  adenovirus
C)  rhinovirus
D)  herpes simplex virus
E)  retrovirus

Question 16

Which of the following causes a noncommunicable pulmonary infection that resembles tuberculosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mycobacterium avium complex (MA
C)  
B)  Mycobacterium kansasii
C)  Mycobacterium scrofulaceum
D)  Mycobacterium fortuitum complex
E)  Mycobacterium marinum

Question 17

Legionellosis is a zoonosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Treatment for diphtheria requires only penicillin or erythromycin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The causative organisms for CAP and HCAP differ, but the modes of transmission do not; that are all transmitted via aerosolized droplets which enter the lungs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following pertains to diphtheria?

Accepted Answer

A)  Results in meningitis
B)  Symptoms include vomiting and diarrhea
C)  Can be transmitted from mother's birth canal to neonate
D)  Prevented by the DTaP immunization

Exam 21: Infectious Diseases Affecting the Respiratory System

Legionellosis is a zoonosis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The causative organisms for CAP and HCAP differ, but the modes of transmission do not; that are all transmitted via aerosolized droplets which enter the lungs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The enzyme associated with the influenza virus that hydrolyzes the protective mucous coating of the respiratory tract is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In addition to antimicrobials, patients with diphtheria are treated with ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not true of influenza?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Influenza virus can exhibit constant mutation of viral glycoproteins, called antigenic ________, or alternatively antigenic ________, which is a more serious phenomenon caused by the exchange of a viral gene with that of another influenza virus strain.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Infection travels to the middle ear by way of the ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Superantigens

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary transmission route for acquiring agents of the common cold is by contact with hands and fomites contaminated with the nasal discharges of an infected person.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is false regarding RSV?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not part of the upper respiratory tract?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of the six Category A diseases listed by the U.S.Public Health Service, which affect/s the respiratory tract?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Treatment for diphtheria requires only penicillin or erythromycin.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not part of the lower respiratory system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following pertains to diphtheria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is not correct about Mycobacterium species?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most common type of virus leading to rhinitis is _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A paroxysmal cough is associated with Legionnaires'disease.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most common causative agent of otitis media is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following causes a noncommunicable pulmonary infection that resembles tuberculosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Influenza virus can exhibit constant mutation of viral glycoproteins, called antigenic , or alternatively antigenic , which is a more serious phenomenon caused by the exchange of a viral gene with that of another influenza virus strain.

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