Question 1

The adaptive immune system is complex, but it can be summarized in four consecutive stages: i) lymphocyte encounter with an immunogen, ii) development of lymphocyte specificity against that immunogen, iii) 2nd encounter with the immunogen, and iv) development of memory cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

An example of artificial active immunity would be

Accepted Answer

A)  chickenpox vaccine triggering extended immunity to chickenpox.
B)  a fetus acquiring maternal IgG to the chickenpox virus across the placenta.
C)  giving a person immune serum globulins to chickenpox virus after exposure to the disease.
D)  chickenpox infection, followed by lifelong immunity.

Question 3

The immunoglobulin/s found on the surface of B cells is/are

Accepted Answer

A)  IgM only.
B)  IgG only.
C)  IgD only.
D)  IgM and IgD.
E)  IgD and IgE.

Question 4

The immunoglobulin class that has a dimer form found in mucus, saliva, colostrum, and other body secretions is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  IgG
B)  IgM
C)  IgD
D)  IgA
E)  IgE

Question 5

Lymphocytes

Accepted Answer

A)  possess MHC antigens for recognizing self.
B)  have membrane receptors that recognize foreign antigens.
C)  gain tolerance to self by destruction of lymphocytes that could react against self.
D)  develop into clones of B and T cells with extreme variations of specificity.
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 6

Which process involves a more rapid synthesis and greatly increased titer of antibody when the immune system is subsequently exposed to the same antigen?

Accepted Answer

A)  Opsonization
B)  Anamnestic response
C)  Neutralization
D)  Complement fixation
E)  Agglutination

Question 7

What type of cells secrete antibodies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Antigen-presenting cells
B)  Cytotoxic T cells
C)  Helper T cells
D)  Plasma cells
E)  Memory B cells

Question 8

Killed or inactivated vaccines are prepared by

Accepted Answer

A)  treatment with formalin, heat, or radiation.
B)  removal of virulence genes from the microbe.
C)  passage of the pathogen through unnatural hosts or tissue culture.
D)  long-term subculturing of the microbe.

Question 9

Which of the following do not serve as antigen presenting cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dendritic cells
B)  Basophils
C)  Macrophages
D)  B lymphocytes

Question 10

T cell response to T-dependent antigens requires

Accepted Answer

A)  typically a protein antigen.
B)  binding of the T cell to a class II MHC receptor on a macrophage.
C)  binding of the T cell to a site on the antigen.
D)  interleukin-1 activating the T helper cell.
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 11

Antigen presenting cells

Accepted Answer

A)  include dendritic cells.
B)  include macrophages.
C)  engulf and modify antigen to be more immunogenic.
D)  hold and present processed antigen on their cell membrane surface.
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 12

Not all phagocytic cells are antigen-presenting cells.B cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells differ from neutrophils in that they synthesize ______ .

Accepted Answer

A)  CD8 receptors
B)  MHC-II receptors
C)  MHC-I receptors
D)  interleukin-2
E)  CD4 receptors

Question 13

The region of each antibody molecule where amino acid composition is highly diversified from one clone of B lymphocytes to another is the ______ region.

Accepted Answer

A)  joining
B)  variable
C)  constant
D)  hinge
E)  light

Question 14

You do not really want to get your 3 children vaccinated. Your view is why do it when others around you will get the vaccine and end up protecting you and your children. Which is an accurate statement that your physician may provide to you in response to your challenge to vaccination?

Accepted Answer

A)  	This is not a smart choice. If enough people choose not to get vaccinated, the susceptible population grows to a large size, breaking the protective effect of herd immunity.
B)  	Your choice is fine; your children will never become infected since this is actually the basis of herd immunity.
C)  	This is not a smart choice. You could face potential arrest for not vaccinating your child per the regulations of the U.S. government.
D)  	Your choice is fine; maybe you will change your mind when your child goes to college.

Question 15

Which of the following is not a property of B cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  They produce plasma cells and memory cells.
B)  They have receptors called immunoglobulins.
C)  They mature in the bone marrow.
D)  They require antigen presented with MHC proteins.
E)  There are low numbers circulating in the blood.

Question 16

The most significant cells in graft rejection are

Accepted Answer

A)  delayed hypersensitivity T cells.
B)  natural killer (NK)  cells.
C)  suppressor T cells.
D)  cytotoxic T cells.
E)  helper T cells.

Question 17

Destruction of lymphocytes with self-specificity is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  proliferation.
B)  differentiation.
C)  clonal selection.
D)  clonal deletion.
E)  hypersensitivity.

Question 18

Which of the following is a special binding substance that enhances immunogenicity and prolongs antigen retention at the injection site?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Trojan horse" recombinant vaccine
B)  Booster
C)  Gamma globulin
D)  Antibodies to toxin
E)  Adjuvant

Question 19

Class II MHC genes code for

Accepted Answer

A)  certain secreted complement components.
B)  self receptors recognized by T lymphocytes.
C)  all HLA antigens.
D)  receptors located primarily on macrophages and B cells.
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 20

The structural and functional differences that distinguish immunoglobulin isotypes are due to variations associated with their Fc fragments.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 15: Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Which of the following is not a property of B cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Destruction of lymphocytes with self-specificity is called ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lymphocytes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following do not serve as antigen presenting cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antigen presenting cells

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most significant cells in graft rejection are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Not all phagocytic cells are antigen-presenting cells.B cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells differ from neutrophils in that they synthesize ______ .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The structural and functional differences that distinguish immunoglobulin isotypes are due to variations associated with their Fc fragments.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

T cell response to T-dependent antigens requires

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The immunoglobulin/s found on the surface of B cells is/are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Class II MHC genes code for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An example of artificial active immunity would be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What type of cells secrete antibodies?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The adaptive immune system is complex, but it can be summarized in four consecutive stages: i) lymphocyte encounter with an immunogen, ii) development of lymphocyte specificity against that immunogen, iii) 2nd encounter with the immunogen, and iv) development of memory cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The region of each antibody molecule where amino acid composition is highly diversified from one clone of B lymphocytes to another is the ______ region.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The immunoglobulin class that has a dimer form found in mucus, saliva, colostrum, and other body secretions is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You do not really want to get your 3 children vaccinated. Your view is why do it when others around you will get the vaccine and end up protecting you and your children. Which is an accurate statement that your physician may provide to you in response to your challenge to vaccination?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Killed or inactivated vaccines are prepared by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a special binding substance that enhances immunogenicity and prolongs antigen retention at the injection site?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which process involves a more rapid synthesis and greatly increased titer of antibody when the immune system is subsequently exposed to the same antigen?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified