A) Infants get adequate calcium from breast milk.
B) Diets high in phytates increase calcium absorption.
C) Pregnant women need more calcium to supply the needs of the growing fetus.
D) Women who breast feed need more calcium in their diets.
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A) Women achieve a lower peak bone mass than men.
B) Bone breakdown accelerates after menopause.
C) Calcium absorption declines for a few years post-menopause.
D) The hormonal changes that accompany menopause affect appetite for calcium-containing foods.
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A) It may occur with consumption of Mg-containing laxatives or antacids.
B) It is characterized by high blood pressure.
C) It is more common in the elderly with impaired kidney function.
D) Magnesium toxicity would most likely occur from supplements.
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A) Minerals are organic molecules.
B) Minerals can be structural components.
C) Minerals are destroyed by heat.
D) All of these statements are true.
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Peak bone mass is typically achieved in ...View Answer
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A) 500
B) 700
C) 1000
D) There is no recommended intake.
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A) It occurs primarily in females.
B) It is not typically associated with any dietary changes.
C) Age related bone loss proceeds at ~0.3-0.5% per year.
D) It is usually related to over-activation of vitamin D in the kidney.
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A) Smoking increases risk while drinking decreases it.
B) Smoking and drinking both increase risk.
C) Smoking decreases risk while drinking increases it.
D) Smoking and drinking both decrease risk.
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A) interaction with phospholipids.
B) starches.
C) transport proteins.
D) binding to amino acids.
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A) Healthy adults
B) Vegans
C) Elderly
D) Alcoholics
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A) If dietary calcium is low,both blood and bone levels will decline.
B) If dietary calcium is low,bone calcium is sacrificed to maintain blood calcium.
C) If dietary calcium is low,blood calcium is sacrificed to maintain bone calcium.
D) Blood levels of calcium are a good indicator of the calcium status of bone.
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A) below the RDA.
B) at risk of providing toxic levels.
C) slightly above the RDA.
D) right at the RDA.
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A) provides necessary nutrients.
B) has led to a decrease in the consumption of milk.
C) has remained constant for the last 20 years.
D) is not of nutritional concern.
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A) They can be toxic.
B) Supplements of one mineral can decrease the bioavailability of other minerals.
C) Supplements can help individuals meet their dietary needs.
D) They should always be avoided.
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A) Fluoride treatment
B) Hormone replacement therapy
C) Supplemental vitamin C
D) Aerobic exercise plus multi-vitamins
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A) Ascorbic acid
B) Oxalates
C) Phytates
D) Tannins
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Gender can have a significant impact on ...View Answer
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A) Calcitonin
B) Parathyroid hormone
C) Calmodulin
D) Insulin
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Magnesium plays a crucial role as a cofa...View Answer
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A) infancy.
B) early childhood.
C) early adulthood.
D) the menopausal period.
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