Question 1

Succulents are plants that:

Accepted Answer

A)  Excrete salts by way of salt glands.
B)  Lose water and salts.
C)  Accumulate water in their tissues.
D)  Take in salts to compensate for the loss of water.
E)  Do not have any roots to minimize water loss.

Question 2

Osmoconformers survive changes in salinity by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Maintaining the salinity of their body fluids constantly.
B)  Moving up and down the water column in order to spend most of the day in the salt wedge.
C)  Pumping water in as salinity decreases.
D)  Allowing the salinity of their body fluids to vary with that of the surrounding water.
E)  Increasing the amounts of salts in their body fluids no matter what the salinity of the surrounding water is.

Question 3

The infauna of mud flats feeds mostly on:

Accepted Answer

A)  Epifauna.
B)  Sulfur bacteria.
C)  Filter feeders.
D)  Plankton.
E)  Detritus.

Question 4

Coastal plain estuaries were formed when:

Accepted Answer

A)  Sand bars formed along the coast as the result of an accumulation of sediment.
B)  The ocean invaded lowlands and river mouths.
C)  Retreating glaciers cut a valley along the coast.
D)  Sea level fell during glaciation.
E)  Land subsided along the coast.

Question 5

Well-formed estuaries are least likely to be formed by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Sea level rise.
B)  Retreating glaciers.
C)  Active continental margins.
D)  Passive continental margins.
E)  Accumulation of sediments.

Question 6

In many tropical areas extensive areas of mangrove forests have been cleared or destroyed in order to raise:

Accepted Answer

A)  Mussels.
B)  Oysters.
C)  Salmon.
D)  Tuna.
E)  Shrimp.

Question 7

Mangroves belong to one of the following groups:

Accepted Answer

A)  Green algae.
B)  Brown algae.
C)  Seagrasses.
D)  Flowering plants.
E)  Kelps. D

Question 8

The world-wide distribution of mangrove forests is mostly determined by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Salinity.
B)  Type of sediment.
C)  Temperature.
D)  Wave action.
E)  Height of tide.

Question 9

Which of these resources is most likely to be in short supply in the open water of an estuary?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nutrients
B)  Substrate
C)  Oxygen
D)  Space
E)  Prey

Question 10

The most extensive mangrove forests can be found in:

Accepted Answer

A)  Caribbean.
B)  Mediterranean.
C)  Atlantic.
D)  Indo-West Pacific.
E)  Eastern Pacific.

Question 11

In an estuary,salinity of the water increases as:

Accepted Answer

A)  One moves inland.
B)  Depth decreases.
C)  Evaporation decreases.
D)  Freshwater flow from a river increases.
E)  Depth increases.

Question 12

The loss of estuaries and mangrove forests is particularly serious since these ecosystems:

Accepted Answer

A)  Provide nesting or resting areas to many seabirds.
B)  Are among the most productive of all marine ecosystems.
C)  Provide habitats to many species.
D)  Directly or indirectly provide food to many species.
E)  All of the choices are true.

Question 13

The food web in salt-marsh communities is characterized by high primary production.Most of this production is made available to other communities in the form of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Plant tissue eaten by grazers.
B)  Plankton eaten by filter feeders.
C)  Detritus.
D)  Plants eaten by herbivores.
E)  Plants eaten by zooplankton. C

Question 14

The greatest importance of estuaries to the entire world oceanic ecosystem is as:

Accepted Answer

A)  Reservoirs for nutrients.
B)  Breeding grounds for many marine species.
C)  Sources of freshwater for dilution of salinity.
D)  Buffers against storm surge for man-made structures.
E)  Discharge areas for human waste products.

Question 15

Good examples of bar-built estuaries are found here:

Accepted Answer

A)  Coast of Norway.
B)  Pacific coast of the United States.
C)  Atlantic coast of the United States.
D)  Chesapeake Bay.
E)  St.Lawrence River. C

Question 16

Outwelling in estuaries is most important since it:

Accepted Answer

A)  Maintains high primary production.
B)  Provides living space to many species.
C)  Releases much oxygen.
D)  Provides food and nutrients to other communities.
E)  Allows plants to survive despite wide fluctuations in salinity.

Question 17

Blood rich in hemoglobin is an adaptation to:

Accepted Answer

A)  Fluctuating salinities.
B)  Wide variations in temperature.
C)  Soft sediments.
D)  Feeding in detritus.
E)  Low oxygen concentrations.

Question 18

A sub-environment native to the estuaries of the Atlantic coast of North America.

Accepted Answer

A)  Kelp beds.
B)  Mussel aggreations.
C)  Oyster reefs.
D)  Coral heads.
E)  Tectonic rifts.

Question 19

Euryhaline species:

Accepted Answer

A)  Are less common in estuaries than stenohaline species.
B)  Need less oxygen to survive.
C)  Tolerate only a narrow range of salinities.
D)  Can survive changes in salinity.
E)  Only tolerate small temperature changes.

Question 20

Pneumatophores are used for:

Accepted Answer

A)  Excretion of excess salts.
B)  Horizontal growth.
C)  Aeration of plant tissues.
D)  Reproduction.
E)  Downward growth.

Exam 12: Estuaries: Where Rivers Meet the Sea

Succulents are plants that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Osmoconformers survive changes in salinity by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The infauna of mud flats feeds mostly on:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Coastal plain estuaries were formed when:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Well-formed estuaries are least likely to be formed by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In many tropical areas extensive areas of mangrove forests have been cleared or destroyed in order to raise:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mangroves belong to one of the following groups:

Correct AnswerverifiedD

The world-wide distribution of mangrove forests is mostly determined by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these resources is most likely to be in short supply in the open water of an estuary?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most extensive mangrove forests can be found in:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In an estuary,salinity of the water increases as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The loss of estuaries and mangrove forests is particularly serious since these ecosystems:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The food web in salt-marsh communities is characterized by high primary production.Most of this production is made available to other communities in the form of:

Correct AnswerverifiedC

The greatest importance of estuaries to the entire world oceanic ecosystem is as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Good examples of bar-built estuaries are found here:

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Outwelling in estuaries is most important since it:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Blood rich in hemoglobin is an adaptation to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A sub-environment native to the estuaries of the Atlantic coast of North America.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Euryhaline species:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pneumatophores are used for:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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D

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C

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C

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