Exam 2: Structure and Functions of Cells of the Nervous System

A) mitochondria; production of cytoplasm
B) cytoskeleton; production of DNA
C) lipid bi-layer; formation of the cell membrane
D) synapse; production of ribosomes
E) microtubules; production of cytoplasm

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

A) disruption of the postsynaptic receptor.
B) enzymatic degradation via AChE.
C) inhibition of ACh synthesis.
D) facilitation of ACh release.
E) reuptake.

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

Correct Answer

verified

To modulate the inte...

View Answer

Show Answer

A) mitochondria; extraction of energy from nutrients
B) mitochondria; formation of vesicles
C) microtubules; breakdown of proteins
D) microtubules; transport of chemicals across the synapse
E) cytoskeleton; extraction of energy from nutrients

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

Correct Answer

verified

Potassium ions would leave the...

View Answer

Show Answer

A) Neurotransmitters diffuse widely across the brain to exert changes in metabolism.
B) Neurotransmitters directly alter ion channels using a second-messenger chemical.
C) Neurotransmitters are released into the synapse from the cistaerna.
D) Neurotransmitters open ion channels in the postsynaptic membrane.
E) Neurotransmitters alter ion channel activity for minutes.

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

A) Sodium ions move into the cell.
B) Potassium ions move out of the cell.
C) Potassium ions move into the cell.
D) Chloride ions move into the cell.
E) Chloride ions are extruded from the cell.

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

A) protein molecules.
B) vesicle remnants.
C) a double layer of lipid molecules.
D) cytoplasm.
E) a double layer of protein molecules.

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

A) fatigability.
B) mania and excitation.
C) depression and sleep disturbance.
D) inability to make coordinated movements.
E) impaired autoreceptor function.

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

A) Schwann cells are found within the brain.
B) Schwann cells provide myelin for central nerve cells.
C) A single Schwann cell wraps a single segment of a peripheral nerve cell.
D) A single Schwann cell myelinates up to 3 segments of axon membrane.
E) Schwann cells slow down conduction of action potentials along the axon.

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

A) are not conducted along the membrane.
B) remain the same size at each point along the membrane.
C) are just smaller versions of the action potential.
D) decrease in amplitude as they sweep along the membrane.
E) involve the closing of ion channels.

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

A) metabotropic; direct opening of an ion channel
B) ionotropic; more time required to open an ion channel
C) metabotropic; G-protein activation leads to activation of a second messenger
D) metabotropic; second messenger effects are specific to opening ion channels
E) metabotropic; rapid and short-lived effects on ion channels

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

A) detect the presence of chemicals inside the cell.
B) form the matrix that gives a neuron its shape..
C) form channels to carry ions into and out of the cell.
D) transport hormones into blood stream.
E) induce DNA synthesis.

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

A) peripheral nervous system
B) central nervous system
C) enteric nervous system
D) brainstem
E) antebrain

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

A) Interneurons are located outside the brain and spinal cord.
B) Motor neurons gather information from the environment.
C) The number of neurons in the human nervous system is estimated at more than 100 billion.
D) Neurons are found only inside the brain and spinal cord.
E) The number of neurons in the human nervous system is estimated at less than 10 billion.

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

A) cerebellum
B) blood-brain barrier
C) hypothamus
D) amygdala
E) area postrema

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer