Question 1

A key advantage of saltatory conduction is that

Accepted Answer

A)   more sodium ions have to be pumped out of the cell after an action potential.
B)   myelin allows the nerve cell to recycle neurotransmitter molecules.
C)   less transmitter is required to send a message across the next synapse.
D)   myelin speeds up the velocity at which an axon can conduct an action potential.
E)   myelin requires that nerve cell axons be larger in order to rapidly conduct a signal.

Question 2

The membrane voltage level at which an action potential is triggered is termed the

Accepted Answer

A)   refractory period.
B)   hyperpolarization event.
C)   threshold of excitation.
D)   rate level.
E)   equilibrium point.

Question 3

________ neurons gather information from the environment related to light,odors,and bodily contact with objects.

Accepted Answer

A)   Sensory
B)   Motor
C)   Golgi
D)   Relay inter-
E)   Efferent

Question 4

Which of the following is correct regarding axoplasmic transport?

Accepted Answer

A)   Anterograde transport involves moving substances from the dendrites to the soma.
B)   Retrograde transport involves moving substances from the soma to the axon terminals.
C)   Vesicles are the major factor involved in retrograde transport.
D)   Retrograde transport is half as fast as anterograde transport.
E)   Vesicles are the major factor involved in anterograde transport.

Question 5

An autoreceptor is located on the ________ and is sensitive to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   presynaptic membrane; the transmitter released by that neuron
B)   presynaptic membrane; a different transmitter released by another neuron
C)   presynaptic membrane; calcium ions located in the synapse
D)   postsynaptic membrane; calcium ions located in the synapse
E)   presynaptic membrane; the amount of second messenger activity in the postsynaptic cell

Question 6

Which of the following cells are important for the removal of nerve cell debris?

Accepted Answer

A)   Schwann cells
B)   phagocytes
C)   dendrocytes
D)   microglia
E)   nanotubules

Question 7

The process by which molecules are evenly distributed throughout a medium is

Accepted Answer

A)   retrograde transport.
B)   diffusion.
C)   anterograde transport.
D)   electrostatic pressure.
E)   carrier-mediated transport.

Question 8

The presence of a barrier between the blood stream and the brain is suggested by the observation that

Accepted Answer

A)   all cells of the body are stained by a dye injected into the bloodstream.
B)   injection of dye into the bloodstream stains all cells but those of the brain and spinal cord.
C)   the gut is stained by a dye injected into the brain ventricles.
D)   injection of dye into the ventricles stains all cells of the body.
E)   most chemicals rapidly reach the brain after oral ingestion..

Question 9

Which of the following represents the normal order of activation in neuronal transmission?

Accepted Answer

A)   axon -> dendrite -> cell body -> axon terminals
B)   axon terminals -> cell body -> axon -> dendrite
C)   dendrite -> cell body -> axon -> terminal button
D)   cell body -> axon -> dendrite -> axon terminal
E)   dendrite -> axon terminal -> cell body -> axon

Question 10

The giant squid axon is specialized for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   integration of sensory messages regarding the environment
B)   planning of feeding-related movements
C)   rapid contraction of the squid mantle which propels the squid away from danger
D)   coordination of general sensory-motor function
E)   contraction of the mouth of the squid to produce chewing movements

Question 11

Enzymes

Accepted Answer

A)   are formed from lipids.
B)   are molecules that control chemical reactions.
C)   control the aborption of glucose into cells..
D)   provide energy to the cell.
E)   form the boundary of a nerve cell..

Question 12

Explain how ion channels alter the electrical properties of a nerve cell membrane.

Accepted Answer

Ions are charged particles that are uneq...

Question 13

In which portion of a neuron would you expect to find the largest number of vesicles?

Accepted Answer

A)   the dendritic spines
B)   the soma
C)   near the nuclear membrane
D)   the release zone
E)   the axon hillock

Question 14

.Contrast local potentials versus action potentials.

Accepted Answer

Local potentials are graded in...

Question 15

The _____ neuron has dendrite-like branches and transmits sensory information to the brain.

Accepted Answer

A)   bipolar
B)   multipolar
C)   unipolar
D)   apolar
E)   tripolar

Question 16

Discuss the general support functions of glial cells for the nervous system.

Accepted Answer

Glial cells: provide physical or structu...

Question 17

Neuromodulators

Accepted Answer

A)   are rarely of a peptide form.
B)   are secreted from a neuron and only affect an adjacent neuron.
C)   are inevitably inhibitory.
D)   are secreted from neurons, but dispersed widely in brain.
E)   are typically secreted in very small amounts compared to neurotransmitters.

Question 18

Which of the following ion channel events will reliably produce an IPSP regardless of the current level of the membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

A)   opening a sodium channel
B)   losing a potassium channel
C)   opening a potassium channel
D)   opening a chloride channel
E)   opening a channel to admit calcium ions into the axon

Question 19

Movement of the axon membrane potential from -90 mV to -80 mV would be termed a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   depolarization.
B)   threshold potential.
C)   action potential.
D)   hyperpolarization.
E)   inhibitory local potential.

Question 20

The term ________ means "little bladder."

Accepted Answer

A)   vesicle
B)   neurite
C)   cisternae
D)   mitochondria
E)   storage pool

Exam 2: Structure and Functions of Cells of the Nervous System

The membrane voltage level at which an action potential is triggered is termed the

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Enzymes

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Movement of the axon membrane potential from -90 mV to -80 mV would be termed a(n)

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Explain how ion channels alter the electrical properties of a nerve cell membrane.

Correct AnswerverifiedIons are charged particles that are uneq...View AnswerShow Answer

Discuss the general support functions of glial cells for the nervous system.

Correct AnswerverifiedGlial cells: provide physical or structu...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following cells are important for the removal of nerve cell debris?

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The process by which molecules are evenly distributed throughout a medium is

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In which portion of a neuron would you expect to find the largest number of vesicles?

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The presence of a barrier between the blood stream and the brain is suggested by the observation that

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The giant squid axon is specialized for which of the following?

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A key advantage of saltatory conduction is that

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The term ________ means "little bladder."

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An autoreceptor is located on the ________ and is sensitive to ________.

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The _____ neuron has dendrite-like branches and transmits sensory information to the brain.

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________ neurons gather information from the environment related to light,odors,and bodily contact with objects.

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Neuromodulators

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Which of the following ion channel events will reliably produce an IPSP regardless of the current level of the membrane potential?

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Which of the following represents the normal order of activation in neuronal transmission?

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Which of the following is correct regarding axoplasmic transport?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

.Contrast local potentials versus action potentials.

Correct AnswerverifiedLocal potentials are graded in...View AnswerShow Answer

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Ions are charged particles that are uneq...
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Glial cells: provide physical or structu...
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An autoreceptor is located on the and is sensitive to .

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Local potentials are graded in...
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